Transformational Leadership Free Essays

A great deal of exploration has gone into the subject of administration aptitudes as observed from some of a few alternate points of view. In actuality, from the early long stretches of 1900 onwards, examination on the sorts of authority and their models have been going on, and at first the purpose of fixation was on the pioneer, and his supporters. Scientists of the time, in any case, reached the resolution that no single trademark or characteristic could be taken as being completely logical of a specific leader’s capacities and his ability, and from there on analysts started the way toward breaking down and analyzing the circumstance and its impacts on a pioneer and his capacities, and furthermore caused a few endeavors to attempt to recognize viable from non-successful pioneers. We will compose a custom exposition test on Transformational Leadership or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now The motivation behind such examination was really to figure out which administration practices were actually exemplified by successful pioneers, and which were most certainly not. (History of authority Research) In this way, so as to more readily comprehend why a few people were compelling pioneers and some were not, specialists utilized the supposed ‘contingency model’ so as to break down and to finish up the different associations that must exist between close to home characteristics, situational factors, and the viability of a pioneer. In later years, particularly during the 1970’s and the 1980’s, the purpose of fixation for contemplating compelling authority characteristics in an individual moved to the individual qualities of a pioneer which served to make him a superior head, and which brought his organization gigantic benefits. The examination as a general rule presumed that pioneers and authority are significant and in actuality critical and essential segments of any association. (History of administration Research) Indeed, the essential thought of administration and its impact procedure has been a significant one as the years progressed, particularly when taken with regards to human relations and advertising inside an association. This is the structure, at that point, whereupon much examination on the different models of initiative have been helped out during that time and it is regularly viewed as the more valuable one whereupon to direct investigations. This is a direct result of the generally recognized certainty that the exceptionally social procedure through which one individual attempts to apply his own impact on others in his own specific manner is really exhibited in countless entomb individual connections between various individuals anyplace on the planet. (Tannenbaum; Weschler; Massarik, 1961) A few instances of these are the connection between the ‘superior and his subordinate’, the staff with the line, the sales rep with his client, the advisor with his customer, an educator with his understudy, the spouse with his significant other, a parent with his kid, et cetera. These are the ordinary connections that consistently happen with regards to gatherings, and inside associations, and furthermore inside a lot of societies, and are thus impacted by the associations and societies themselves. Along these lines, it tends to be expressed that when one wants to comprehend authority better, at that point one would need to attempt to increase a profound knowledge into the very nature and character of a character or of a gathering or of an association. From that point, one must endeavor to examine the different social factors that would constantly be available in any one gathering of a few unique people, and afterward dissect the different interrelationships among them and the factors that are found in an arrangement of impact of this specific kind. The two most significant components in such a system of administration examinations are, principally, the supposed ‘social sensitivity’ or what is otherwise called ’empathy’, and ‘action flexibility’, or what is otherwise called ‘behavioral flexibility’. Both these factors are vital while breaking down authority, and its adequacy and its causes. (Tannenbaum; Weschler; Massarik, 1961) It must be noticed that the word ‘leadership’ as such is a generally utilized word to be sure, and social laborers, political activists, speakers and researchers and obviously various others all use it in their discourse and in their composition. Notwithstanding, what should likewise be noted is the way that not every person concurs about its genuine and genuine importance; among the social researchers, administration has come to speak to something that will in every case continually move and change, and change its essential spotlight first on a certain something and afterward another. There is much more work to be completed before it very well may be really expressed that there is in fact an efficient and a fundamental hypothesis for authority, and an undeniable structure created whereupon to precisely gauge compelling administration. At the point when taken through history, authority contemplates have been viably indicating the moving spotlight on hypothetical direction of administration examines; though early investigations focused on the investigation of the pioneer as an individual, to the avoidance of different factors, later examinations laid accentuation on disconnecting the physical and the mental qualities of the pioneer, and these were viewed as characteristics which were in reality separating the pioneer from the various individuals from the gathering. (Tannenbaum; Weschler; Massarik, 1961) Moreover, the idea of otherworldliness in initiative is a moderately more up to date thought, and one that analysts have begun to investigate as of late, having been overlooked as an idea for as far back as several years prior to today. In any case, one must not overlook that all through our social history, man has had the option to recognize his own internal good just as profound principles, and seen them for the impact they will in general give occasion to feel qualms about human activities by and large. Indeed, it can even be expressed that it is man’s internal feeling of otherworldly completeness that characterizes humanity thusly, and furthermore decides man’s inward qualities, his feeling of profound quality and equity, and accordingly will in general direct man’s activities and the different choices that he makes in his every day life and furthermore in his working life. (Fairholm, 1997) Thusly, it must be recollected that otherworldliness assumes a significant job in a leader’s different activities and in his procedure of choices making, just as in the followers’ lives. Each and every individual has an intrinsic feeling of what his identity is, the thing that he is doing, and where he is going, and all these different ideas are guided by his internal otherworldliness. Truly, it tends to be expressed that it is this genuine internal identity that really directs man when all is said in done and a pioneer too. Soul is consequently an indivisible piece of the initiative of an individual, and it is this that guides him in his different activities. In today’s quick paced world, the working environment in reality turns into a focal piece of one’s life, and this implies one would need to relate one’s own profound qualities with his working environment vales, and this thus turns into the most significant and focal piece of initiative. (Fair holm, 1997) There are, until this point in time, various models of administration, that have been seen as compelling after escalated research led through numerous years, and the enthusiasm for what precisely makes a decent and powerful and proficient pioneer is as yet an amazingly intriguing subject. A portion of the better initiative models are, as indicated by research, the accompanying: the participative styles of administration, which, as per examines led by Hawthorne and Kurt Lewin and Likert, perpetually lead to an improved activity fulfillment, and furthermore to a superior exhibition. Another is the ‘contingency theory’, which contends that the best possible or the privilege or the best authority style is something that continually changing accord to the current setting. One case of this model is that clarified by Blake and Mouton’s administrative Grid, as indicated by which association formative practices can be effectively investigated. (Initiative Theories, 1) Another is the ‘instrumental theory’, as indicated by which a ton of stress is set on the errand, just as on the individual arranged standards of conduct, as, for instance, appointment, and investment with respect to the pioneer so as to increase better adequacy from the others in his group. Helpful authority hypotheses depend on the way that a solitary individual, with his moving character and lifestyle and technique for intuition, have the option to impact his group into better exhibitions. These pioneers are, as a rule, uplifting people, and they are on occasion called transformational pioneers as well. This kind of pioneer would engage the characteristic worth and dreams of the group of devotees around him, upon whom he would have the option to cast an incredible impact. He would not exclusively have the option to move and ingrain certainty among them, yet additionally have the option to inspire them to change any place and at whatever point essential for the advancement of the association. (Administration Theories, 1) The ‘informal leader’ is the individual who has not actually been delegated to initiative, yet would have the option to, when all is said in done, accept administration in complex different ways. Another administration hypothesis is the supposed ‘path objective theory’, as indicated by which the hope hypothesis of inspirations goes to the front, wherein a pioneer is answerable for propelling his group well, and into giving better exhibitions by and large. This hypothesis draws on the accompanying four distinct styles of authority: steady, mandate, participative, lastly, course situated. The genuine decision of style at last relies upon the assignment to be performed, and the person who is required to play out the undertaking. For instance, a standard undertaking would require an increasingly strong style of authority, while a perplexing and extreme errand would require an order kind of administration. (Authority Theories,

O and Tim Blake Nelson Essays

O and Tim Blake Nelson Essays O and Tim Blake Nelson Essay O and Tim Blake Nelson Essay The most evident distinction between the two films is the settings. Oliver Parker has kept Othello in Venice while Tim Blake Nelson has made an increasingly contemporary setting. Similarly as the settings of the two motion pictures are radically extraordinary, Othello and Odin properly fit into each setting. Oliver Parker’s Othello is an accomplished solider who is amazingly full grown and mindful of himself. He has incredible trust in Iago and considers him to be friend and needs to hear the entirety of his contemplations. Despite the fact that he has this trust in Iago, there is as yet a separation of pioneer and hireling between the two which is most likely why Othello verbally reports his trust in Desdemona. Tim Blake Nelson’s Odin, anyway encapsulates a high schooler. Odin is youthful and appears to be very juvenile. Odin has total trust in Hugo and when Hugo recommends viewing Desi all the more intently, he does only that. Rather than having pioneer and worker relationship, it feels like Odin and Hugo are on equivalent levels and are companions. Similarly as their characters are extraordinary, Othello and Odin’s responses to Iago/Hugo are unique. At the point when Iago educated Othello concerning his doubts about Desdemona, Othello holds his appearance. His resentment and vulnerability is stifled in light of the fact that he comprehends that there may be a misconception. He demands that he doesn't presume anything for appearance purpose, yet in his psyche he is having a great deal of doubts. Anyway Odin is near accepting each word Hugo feeds to him and quickly follows his recommendations. In the wake of having the possibility of infidelity in their brains, Othello and Odin begin rewarding Desdemona/Desi in an unexpected way. Othello despite everything has some trust with Desdemona and for the most part remains quiet about his doubts. He keeps his reservations genuinely very much covered up. Odin then again is amazingly verbal and even follows up on his resentment. At the point when Michael leaves the house, he will not converse with him which recommends a youthfulness which still can't seem to grow outward graciousness. Odin, actually, communicates his annoyance so much that he is stubborn on Desi’s unfaithfulness. What puts him over the edge is presumably when Michael was approached to supplant Odin on the b-ball group where Odin expeditiously tosses two or three punches at Michael, storms out of the court, and pummels the entryway behind him, which shows an absence of order, whimsicalness, and the failure to control his feelings. Shakespeare’s plays are not entirely clear and that is maybe the motivation behind why his plays can has radically various settings yet at the same time pass on similar topics and feelings. Oliver Parker acquaints us with a very much regarded, mindful Othello while Tim Blake Nelson makes another exceptionally enthusiastic, profoundly doubtful Odin. While they are the equivalent â€Å"character† the two of them have various characteristics.

Synthesis and analysis on Total quailty control book by Armand V Essay

Combination and investigation on Total quailty control book by Armand V. Feigenbaum - Essay Example Agreeing Basu (2006), quality is never â€Å"optional† for the association yet vital that guarantees the progression of a business. They accept that through absolute quality administration the business can build the nature of their administration conveyance and that of items. In any case, Armand (2008) accepts that there requirement for â€Å"total† way to deal with quality and in explicit brings up to add up to quality control as the path forward to fulfill the client needs. As per ISO 8402 all out quality administration can be characterized as a methodology of an organization, that is planned to concentrate on quality conveyance. More distant the ISO definition expresses that quality ought to be the obligation of the considerable number of individuals from staff and not the directors alone and this is in line to Armands accept to quality conveyance. Consequently complete quality administration includes the representatives, and different individuals from staff in thinking of methods of fulfilling the nature of an item, process quality and authoritative quality. Armand along these lines accepts that with all out quality control everyone in the associations strives to accomplish the objectives of the association and moves in the direction of consume r loyalty. Already, look into had proposed on the need of value for the accomplishment of any business association (Beckford, 2005). Be that as it may, Armand (2008) thought of all out quality control in the accomplishment of a business. He accepted that through absolute quality administration in associations was the route forward in understanding the nature of an item during the assembling procedure and, subsequently fulfilling the need of shoppers as they are the principle reasons of being good to go. This thought implied that all procedures and the units utilized in the assembling of an item should be centered around the last conveyance of a great item. The association ought to in this manner be the one answerable for the great item. The association as indicated by him comprises of the administration, the representatives and all other

The Whole

Initiative is fundamental to associations and all things considered, a pioneer needs to characterize his/her center capabilities before becoming acquainted with those of his/her devotees. A portion of the center skills that a pioneer should have for successful initiative incorporate vision and versatility, need setting, energy and instinct, serious soul, being a decent audience, impacting, and trusting. One of the key administration approaches is the utilization of the entire individual approach.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on The Whole-Person Approach of Leadership explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The methodology requires the utilization of the head, heart, feet and hands (Bruce and Montanezm 18). The advantages related with this type of authority are, for example, inspiration, capabilities, mindful, motivation, improved execution and creation, aptitude, values, skill, trustworthiness, and advancement of an authoritative culture. Al so, the methodology is an impression of the human side of administration. Under the entire individual methodology, every one of the parts (head, heart, hands, and feet) assumes various jobs despite the fact that they are interlaced. They additionally speak to various parts related with authoritative initiative. The leader’s head represents the special mastery, information, values, character, inspiration, and capabilities controlled by the pioneer (Bruce and Montanezm 18). It might likewise introduce the protected innovation, mentality, uprightness and the training of the pioneer. The hands of the pioneer speak to the aptitudes, client assistance, hand-on training, finish, usage, and assembling (Bruce and Montanezm 20) The leader’s feet may speak to the establishment whereupon the pioneers and the associations were constructed, hierarchical dependability, authoritative culture, its development, convention, history, and the originators of the association (Bruce and Monta nezm 18). In conclusion, the core of the pioneer is the inside phase of authority. Especially, it might speak to trust, cooperation, passionate; knowledge, pride, basic beliefs, and sentiments. At the point when the four segments are joined, they structure the humanness in authority. Consequently, an association should regard its workers as human/entire individual as opposed to mechanical makers. This methodology guarantees that an association grapples with this present reality singular difficulties that representatives face in and outside the association. Achievement in an association is a property of those in control. An effective association can accomplish its authoritative goals and build up a culture that joins the convictions, culture, and estimations of various gatherings. Pioneers are fundamentally change specialists supplied with force and impact. They are required to engage and impact their supporters. Force is a type of control that a pioneer practices over other people.A dvertising Looking for basic composition on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It makes individuals increasingly solid and invulnerable. Anyway a few people are frightened of it while others feel inept without it. At the point when force is utilized well in an association, it moves and elevates others into accomplishing their fantasies or targets. It is persuasive and enables others in the work environment to understand their objectives while they arrive at hierarchical destinations. Force can be positioned in type of coercive force, utility force, and principled force. In my view, pioneers ought to energize the utilization of the entire individuals to make completeness instead of independence. This makes cooperation as various parts of representatives are investigated. Among the three ways of intensity, I accept that the principled force is the most fitting one since its establishment is trust, reg ard, respect, and confidence in others. It makes reliance, collaboration, and common regard. To acknowledge what one needs, the way of principled force is most supported on the grounds that it is additionally satisfying contrasted with different ways of intensity recorded before. Works Cited Bruce, Anne and Stephanie Montanez. Leaders Start to Finish: A Road Map for Developing Top Performers. Alexandria, VA: ASTD Press, 2012. Print This basic composition on The Whole-Person Approach of Leadership was composed and put together by client Carlee U. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

EP 04 How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches

EP 04 How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches EP 04: How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches EP 04: How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches Welcome back to our Weekly Live Show and Fourth Episode of The Homework Help Show! In this episode, we discussed how to do effective academic research, how to gather your primary and secondary sources, doing boolean searches, and more. Our Host Cath Anne continues to provide value that will help you in your studies for many years to come! The Homework Help Show is our brand new show where we will teach, assist, and offer valuable insights on different topics related to students academic and personal lives. Want your questions answered? Ask your questions on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:05] For any of you who dont know me, my name is Cath Anne and I am the weekly host of Homework Help Globals The Learning Studio. I cant believe it, but this is our fourth episode. Its so hard to believe. Last week we talked a little bit about thesis statements and how to write them appropriately. Cath Anne: [00:00:30] Im just going to adjust my camera here for a minute. (To Instagram Viewer): Hi, The Neighbourly Consultant, Hi, Coach Kaur. You guys are getting to be regulars. Nice to see you. Cath Anne: [00:00:45] So I was just introducing our topic for this week and the topic is how to do effective research. This weeks topic goes along with our topic from last week: how to write an effective thesis statement. Cath Anne: [00:01:05] I know that things are starting to pick up here with school and most programs require you to write at least one essay. I know that some programs are more weighted in exams as opposed essays and other programs are weighted to essays. Are any of you students currently or did you take programs that were more weighted towards exams or essays? Cath Anne: [00:02:05] I know that when I was in school I wrote a lot of essays because I was in sociology and social work. So we didnt have as many exams we did have some when I first started university but it was definitely a lot more essays than it was then it was exams. Im just a little bit distracted because I want to make sure that Im still live on Facebook. Cath Anne: [00:02:56] So this week I wanted to jump in and start talking about academic research and how to do it effectively if that is helpful for folks. First I want to talk about why academic sources are important. Can anyone give me a sense of why academic sources are pertinent when youre doing research? Cath Anne: [00:03:31] Well, academic sources are really important because we want to be spreading research that is valid. Cath Anne: [00:03:40] When we are talking about research we want to make sure that we are resorting to credible resources for the sources of our information. Cath Anne: [00:03:49] And that is why professors are, I guess I would call them sticklers, when it comes to using credible resources. Cath Anne: [00:03:58] They often want academic and peer-reviewed articles. Thats what they always request when they are looking for academic papers. Basically your essay is only as good as the sources that youre using. Thats why I wanted to discuss academic resources. Academic resources can be broken down into two major categories. There are primary resources and then secondary resources. Cath Anne: [00:04:37] Can anyone chime in with what primary resources are? Cath Anne: [00:04:50] Primary resources are sources of raw data. So those are interviews, those are information from archives. They are pieces of raw data, like letters, diaries, pieces of art, anything that people create, maps, and meeting minutes. Primary sources are not going to be resources that youll use regularly if youre in an undergraduate program. Although maybe when you get into third and fourth year and you start doing a bit more in-depth research if youre in a history major you might start looking at archives and investigating some information there. If youre in sociology courses you might start to do some research in terms of gathering data through interviews, which would also be considered primary data. Cath Anne: [00:05:50] In sum, primary sources are raw data and secondary sources are probably what we are most familiar with as students and those are resources that have already been developed and theyve already gone through the process of peer review. Cath Anne: [00:06:13] For example, secondary sources are journal articles, chapters, and scholarly books, monograph textbooks, encyclopedias, and even some websites could be considered secondary sources. Cath Anne: [00:06:29] Secondary sources are often a compilation of primary sources with a little bit of additional research. When youre writing a paper in an undergraduate degree you will be using secondary sources. In this case when you are beginning your research you will certainly want to make sure that your resources are academic so youre not just going to want to jump on the Internet just type something into Google and think that is a reputable source. Im sure most people are aware of that and if not Im sure that your professors have told you that. However, sometimes it can be tempting because we do have information readily at our fingertips all the time these days. Make sure that it is an academic source. Lets discuss some information about how to determine what an academic source is. Cath Anne: [00:07:23] First off, youll want to be looking for the words peer-reviewed. peer-reviewed means that it has gone through a rigorous process of review. In other words, people who are in academia and who do research are subject to scrutiny by their peers. And thats basically what peer review means. When someone goes to submit something to a journal they go through a whole process of determining whether their research was valid; whether their methodology was valid; whether or how they presented it was appropriate; and they might have to go back and review it and change some things. That is the process of determining whether something is a valid source of information or not. When youre doing research for your papers, youll want to make sure that youre only accessing academic articles that have been peer-reviewed. Cath Anne: [00:08:29] In order to determine whether something is peer-reviewed you want to make sure that youre sourcing it from a database where peer-reviewed articles are available. Cath Anne: [00:08:39] For example, youll go on the database youll use the journal search. Make sure that the journal that youre drawing the information from provides only peer-reviewed articles. Cath Anne: [00:09:00] Usually when youll be using a database that is provided by universities so it is most likely that you will have access to reputable sources. Most of the articles that are those databases are going to be peer-reviewed. However, youre going to want to make sure of that. Go into the journal itself and look to make sure that they do go through a peer review process. Cath Anne: [00:09:43] When you go into your database search you will see (probably over on the right side) that there will be different options that you can choose to filter your search. You should be able to click peer-reviewed articles. When you do your search use the filter only peer-reviewed articles and just peer-reviewed articles will come up. In that way you can be certain that anything that youre using in your paper is a peer-reviewed article. Although I said that you shouldnt just jump on Google and do your search. Cath Anne: [00:10:27] Google does have an option called Google Scholar where you can search scholarly articles. If you do use this function youre going to want to make sure that your search is still a peer-reviewed source. Cath Anne: [00:10:54] How do you determine that? Well, you can go to the actual journal and make certain that the your journal that youre sourcing from goes through a peer review process. Then you can kind of do your own investigative piece. Cath Anne: [00:11:17] In order to do this, look at the research article and question whether it is a research article. Ask the following questions: Has research been done? Has this research been conducted by the authors of the article? If so, generally, that means that it has gone through a peer review process. Also, most research papers have a front sheet that will demonstrate or determine that they are from peer-reviewed journals. Cath Anne: [00:12:42] As a general tip, definitely dont rush the research process depending on how long. Depending on how long your paper is going to be youre probably going to want to gather some information over the course of a couple of weeks at least and then narrow it down. Cath Anne: [00:13:09] Another important aspect to consider is narrowing your search. What I mean by that is perhaps when youre doing your search youre looking at a database and you dont necessarily know what words youre looking for. For example, Im doing research on homelessness amongst women in Canada. Cath Anne: [00:14:13] Im going to want to type in my key words so Im going to type in homeless women and feminism because I want to do my research through a feminist lens. Ill type in all of those words and Ill see what comes up. Ill see what information is available on that topic and then I might draw some words from those descriptions. For example, say some other words like social justice, social work, housing, and poverty start to come up amongst the articles I find. Ill use those words to do further my research from there. My kind of approach when Im doing a bigger paper is I like to start somewhere. I start with my topic and gather information on that topic gather using relevant literature. Ill read that over. Ill use that information to frame my research from there. Cath Anne: [00:15:31] Sometimes a good way to start is to do an initially search on Google Scholar and not in a database. This will give you an opportunity to see what information is out there on the topic. You wont always know what a database is going to have or retrieve around specific words. So you want to be open to using different language to get the resources that you want and not give up on your search. Dont be satisfied with subpar resources. Make sure that youre getting the best information that you think you can. Cath Anne: [00:17:10] When you are determining if something is an appropriate resource youre also going to want to make sure that its not a book review. However, book reviews can be helpful, but they cannot be used as academic sources. As I mentioned when you are doing research its important to see whats out there. I find book reviews can sometimes be helpful to understand those in-depth concepts about more academic and scholarly books because they provide a breakdown and a bit of an analysis of that dense information. Cath Anne: [00:18:01] If your professor is asking for seven to 10 resources or references make sure that you are aware that a book review would not count as one of those resources. Cath Anne: [00:18:36] When youre writing a research paper, you want to make sure that you bear in mind that its not just a gathering of information. Make sure that you are forming an argument or statement about the information you retrieve. Make sure that you understand the content of your research so that you can form an argument around it. Cath Anne: [00:19:24] OK. Lets talk specifically about subject headings and key words. When you open a database youll see a drop down menu with various options. Youll usually have: title, keyword, subject, author. Cath Anne: [00:20:09] Sorry thats my cat. I forgot to put him away. Sorry about that everyone. OK. Cath Anne: [00:20:18] So you want to use the subject headings to describe the content in a database. Subject headings are the best way that you are going to be able to get information and do a good search. When youre looking at the drop down menu either make sure that youre clicking keyword or subject headings and those are going to get the best, most accurate information that youre looking for. As I mentioned too, youre not always going to know what a database is going to bring up so thats why its good to do multiple searches using various key words. For example, think of a database as a search in a phonebook or in the yellow pages. Cath Anne: [00:21:35] But who has a phonebook or Yellow Pages anymore? Haha. Pretend youre searching for movie theaters in the book but you cant find anything under the title of movie theaters. However, then you realize that its actually under the title theaters movie. Cath Anne: [00:21:57] When youre looking in a database youre going to want to use different words and different language as you continue to do your research and modify your searches because you dont know whats going to come up in which database. Cath Anne: [00:22:18] The next topic I wanted to discuss is Boolean operators. Im not going to go too in-depth with this just because it can get quite extensive. But I did want to do a bit of an overview of it just because its important to discuss when youre talking about academic research. Cath Anne: [00:22:43] Does anyone know what Im referring to when I say that? Boolean operators are use to connect and define the relationship between your search terms. Basically when youre searching an academic or electronic database you can use these words to either narrow your search or broaden your search. Cath Anne: [00:23:23] The three Boolean operators are super simple. They are: and, orand not. The word and can be used to narrow your search. When you use the word and all of your search terms will appear in your search. So for example, I want to do a search on online courses and academic performance and I want both of those terms to come up. I would use the word and so Ill just show you a little Venn diagram that I have done up here. Basically I have one circle that says academic performance and one circle that says online courses and in the middle. We will have all of the articles that have both of those terms in them. It will also bring up all the information on both of those terms. Cath Anne: [00:24:42] And is used to in order to narrow your search. If you want to broaden your search, you to use the word or. For example, if we are doing the same search we can say: online courses or web based instruction or distance learning. The search will bring up all the information using all of those words. Where as and narrows the search down and limits your search, or expands the search so it retrieves all the unique records containing one of those terms or both of those terms. You can also use the word not, if theres something that you dont want to include in your search. So say you want to do a search specifically on higher education and only on university not college. You would put in your search higher education not community college. Hopefully your search would only bring up information about universities. At least it wouldnt bring up information about community colleges. OK. So thats just a very basic and brief example of Boolean searches, but they can go much more in-depth. Actually there was one more thing I wanted to discuss. Bear in mind that if you are using Google Scholar, the program puts the word and automatically in-between every word that you search. Even if you dont say the word and its still automatically inserted. For example if you were trying to search something about college students and test anxiety if you put that directly into Google it would be translated to: college and students and test and anxiety. This is not what you want. In order to get the accurate search youll want to put parentheses around the groups of words that you want to stay together. For example, you want to put (college students) and (test anxiety). It suggests to the search algorithm that you want those groups of words to be placed together. Cath Anne: [00:31:45] Lets move on to a brief discussion of how to use Google Scholar. In my own research and in my time as a student I found that Google Scholar was a helpful resource for preliminary research. Now while I would recommend using other academic databases, of course, and the ones that are provided by your university, Google Scholar can be a really good basis to start your research and see whats out there. Cath Anne: [00:32:18] As I was discussing earlier you can start a preliminary literature review using Google Scholar. Basically you can use all of those techniques that I described such as the Boolean search keywords all in Google Scholar. You can just type everything into the search bar. Cath Anne: [00:32:43] After searching you should find a host of various resources and then you can also link to if you do have access to a university database you usually can access scholarly articles through your institution. Youll bring it up on Google Scholar and then itll have a log in option that will bring you back to your schools institutional database and then you can log in through there. Another unique aspect that I really like about Google Scholar is that it has a little drop down menu, which you can use to cite the article. Cath Anne: [00:33:57] You can also extract that citation and put it into your schools database. If you are not able to log in externally so you can take that and bring it over to your database and log in external or not logging externally log in through your database and access that resource. Cath Anne: [00:35:28] There are various resources that you can access to make sure that youre getting scholarly articles. You can use Google Scholar; you can go online through your own schools database and make sure that you are using those Boolean terms. Make sure youre using the subject and the description boxes to do your searches because those are the keyword boxes, which bring up the most relevant resources. From there, get started on doing your research. Dont leave your research till the very end. Enjoy the process of researching. I know that does sound a little bit nerdy but the way I think of doing research is that it is a skill that you can carry with you throughout your life. Cath Anne: [00:36:24] It is a valuable skill that you can draw on and you never know when an agency or an organization is going to need someone to do research. Thats what Ive found in my own career is that having research skills is invaluable and that it can transfer to basically any career. So its a good thing to put on your resume and its a good skill to bring to a job in the future as well. It helps you get good grades while you are in school as a student. Cath Anne: [00:36:53] Just before I sign off I wanted to just remind you that if you are starting to have a little bit of difficulty in school or youre feeling a little bit of the pressure of writing papers let me remind you that Homework Help Global does provide you with some support for academic essay writing. We can do editing; we can provide you with professional academic writing services, so that is something that is always available to you. Please give us a shout on Facebook on Instagram and on Twitter. Give us a shout if you do need any help and let us know how we can help you at all as we do have many qualified writers who are willing and able to help you out. I know its starting to get crunch time so wed love to help you. Cath Anne: [00:37:57] I guess thats it for this week. To sign off again, my name is Cath Anne. Thank you again for the regulars for joining me and I hope you all have a lovely evening. Well let you know the next topic for the Livestream as the week goes on. So stay tuned to Facebook and Instagram and let us know of any topics that come up throughout the week. You can access us on like I said Instagram, Twitter, Facebook and on our website. Use the hash tag #askHHG in order to ask us any questions as they might arise. Cath Anne: [00:38:50] We would love to hear from you and I really want to answer more of your questions so let us know what youre interested in hearing about and we will design a show around what you guys want to hear. All right thank you so much for joining me and have a great evening. EP 04 How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches EP 04: How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches EP 04: How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches Welcome back to our Weekly Live Show and Fourth Episode of The Homework Help Show! In this episode, we discussed how to do effective academic research, how to gather your primary and secondary sources, doing boolean searches, and more. Our Host Cath Anne continues to provide value that will help you in your studies for many years to come! The Homework Help Show is our brand new show where we will teach, assist, and offer valuable insights on different topics related to students academic and personal lives. Want your questions answered? Ask your questions on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:05] For any of you who dont know me, my name is Cath Anne and I am the weekly host of Homework Help Globals The Learning Studio. I cant believe it, but this is our fourth episode. Its so hard to believe. Last week we talked a little bit about thesis statements and how to write them appropriately. Cath Anne: [00:00:30] Im just going to adjust my camera here for a minute. (To Instagram Viewer): Hi, The Neighbourly Consultant, Hi, Coach Kaur. You guys are getting to be regulars. Nice to see you. Cath Anne: [00:00:45] So I was just introducing our topic for this week and the topic is how to do effective research. This weeks topic goes along with our topic from last week: how to write an effective thesis statement. Cath Anne: [00:01:05] I know that things are starting to pick up here with school and most programs require you to write at least one essay. I know that some programs are more weighted in exams as opposed essays and other programs are weighted to essays. Are any of you students currently or did you take programs that were more weighted towards exams or essays? Cath Anne: [00:02:05] I know that when I was in school I wrote a lot of essays because I was in sociology and social work. So we didnt have as many exams we did have some when I first started university but it was definitely a lot more essays than it was then it was exams. Im just a little bit distracted because I want to make sure that Im still live on Facebook. Cath Anne: [00:02:56] So this week I wanted to jump in and start talking about academic research and how to do it effectively if that is helpful for folks. First I want to talk about why academic sources are important. Can anyone give me a sense of why academic sources are pertinent when youre doing research? Cath Anne: [00:03:31] Well, academic sources are really important because we want to be spreading research that is valid. Cath Anne: [00:03:40] When we are talking about research we want to make sure that we are resorting to credible resources for the sources of our information. Cath Anne: [00:03:49] And that is why professors are, I guess I would call them sticklers, when it comes to using credible resources. Cath Anne: [00:03:58] They often want academic and peer-reviewed articles. Thats what they always request when they are looking for academic papers. Basically your essay is only as good as the sources that youre using. Thats why I wanted to discuss academic resources. Academic resources can be broken down into two major categories. There are primary resources and then secondary resources. Cath Anne: [00:04:37] Can anyone chime in with what primary resources are? Cath Anne: [00:04:50] Primary resources are sources of raw data. So those are interviews, those are information from archives. They are pieces of raw data, like letters, diaries, pieces of art, anything that people create, maps, and meeting minutes. Primary sources are not going to be resources that youll use regularly if youre in an undergraduate program. Although maybe when you get into third and fourth year and you start doing a bit more in-depth research if youre in a history major you might start looking at archives and investigating some information there. If youre in sociology courses you might start to do some research in terms of gathering data through interviews, which would also be considered primary data. Cath Anne: [00:05:50] In sum, primary sources are raw data and secondary sources are probably what we are most familiar with as students and those are resources that have already been developed and theyve already gone through the process of peer review. Cath Anne: [00:06:13] For example, secondary sources are journal articles, chapters, and scholarly books, monograph textbooks, encyclopedias, and even some websites could be considered secondary sources. Cath Anne: [00:06:29] Secondary sources are often a compilation of primary sources with a little bit of additional research. When youre writing a paper in an undergraduate degree you will be using secondary sources. In this case when you are beginning your research you will certainly want to make sure that your resources are academic so youre not just going to want to jump on the Internet just type something into Google and think that is a reputable source. Im sure most people are aware of that and if not Im sure that your professors have told you that. However, sometimes it can be tempting because we do have information readily at our fingertips all the time these days. Make sure that it is an academic source. Lets discuss some information about how to determine what an academic source is. Cath Anne: [00:07:23] First off, youll want to be looking for the words peer-reviewed. peer-reviewed means that it has gone through a rigorous process of review. In other words, people who are in academia and who do research are subject to scrutiny by their peers. And thats basically what peer review means. When someone goes to submit something to a journal they go through a whole process of determining whether their research was valid; whether their methodology was valid; whether or how they presented it was appropriate; and they might have to go back and review it and change some things. That is the process of determining whether something is a valid source of information or not. When youre doing research for your papers, youll want to make sure that youre only accessing academic articles that have been peer-reviewed. Cath Anne: [00:08:29] In order to determine whether something is peer-reviewed you want to make sure that youre sourcing it from a database where peer-reviewed articles are available. Cath Anne: [00:08:39] For example, youll go on the database youll use the journal search. Make sure that the journal that youre drawing the information from provides only peer-reviewed articles. Cath Anne: [00:09:00] Usually when youll be using a database that is provided by universities so it is most likely that you will have access to reputable sources. Most of the articles that are those databases are going to be peer-reviewed. However, youre going to want to make sure of that. Go into the journal itself and look to make sure that they do go through a peer review process. Cath Anne: [00:09:43] When you go into your database search you will see (probably over on the right side) that there will be different options that you can choose to filter your search. You should be able to click peer-reviewed articles. When you do your search use the filter only peer-reviewed articles and just peer-reviewed articles will come up. In that way you can be certain that anything that youre using in your paper is a peer-reviewed article. Although I said that you shouldnt just jump on Google and do your search. Cath Anne: [00:10:27] Google does have an option called Google Scholar where you can search scholarly articles. If you do use this function youre going to want to make sure that your search is still a peer-reviewed source. Cath Anne: [00:10:54] How do you determine that? Well, you can go to the actual journal and make certain that the your journal that youre sourcing from goes through a peer review process. Then you can kind of do your own investigative piece. Cath Anne: [00:11:17] In order to do this, look at the research article and question whether it is a research article. Ask the following questions: Has research been done? Has this research been conducted by the authors of the article? If so, generally, that means that it has gone through a peer review process. Also, most research papers have a front sheet that will demonstrate or determine that they are from peer-reviewed journals. Cath Anne: [00:12:42] As a general tip, definitely dont rush the research process depending on how long. Depending on how long your paper is going to be youre probably going to want to gather some information over the course of a couple of weeks at least and then narrow it down. Cath Anne: [00:13:09] Another important aspect to consider is narrowing your search. What I mean by that is perhaps when youre doing your search youre looking at a database and you dont necessarily know what words youre looking for. For example, Im doing research on homelessness amongst women in Canada. Cath Anne: [00:14:13] Im going to want to type in my key words so Im going to type in homeless women and feminism because I want to do my research through a feminist lens. Ill type in all of those words and Ill see what comes up. Ill see what information is available on that topic and then I might draw some words from those descriptions. For example, say some other words like social justice, social work, housing, and poverty start to come up amongst the articles I find. Ill use those words to do further my research from there. My kind of approach when Im doing a bigger paper is I like to start somewhere. I start with my topic and gather information on that topic gather using relevant literature. Ill read that over. Ill use that information to frame my research from there. Cath Anne: [00:15:31] Sometimes a good way to start is to do an initially search on Google Scholar and not in a database. This will give you an opportunity to see what information is out there on the topic. You wont always know what a database is going to have or retrieve around specific words. So you want to be open to using different language to get the resources that you want and not give up on your search. Dont be satisfied with subpar resources. Make sure that youre getting the best information that you think you can. Cath Anne: [00:17:10] When you are determining if something is an appropriate resource youre also going to want to make sure that its not a book review. However, book reviews can be helpful, but they cannot be used as academic sources. As I mentioned when you are doing research its important to see whats out there. I find book reviews can sometimes be helpful to understand those in-depth concepts about more academic and scholarly books because they provide a breakdown and a bit of an analysis of that dense information. Cath Anne: [00:18:01] If your professor is asking for seven to 10 resources or references make sure that you are aware that a book review would not count as one of those resources. Cath Anne: [00:18:36] When youre writing a research paper, you want to make sure that you bear in mind that its not just a gathering of information. Make sure that you are forming an argument or statement about the information you retrieve. Make sure that you understand the content of your research so that you can form an argument around it. Cath Anne: [00:19:24] OK. Lets talk specifically about subject headings and key words. When you open a database youll see a drop down menu with various options. Youll usually have: title, keyword, subject, author. Cath Anne: [00:20:09] Sorry thats my cat. I forgot to put him away. Sorry about that everyone. OK. Cath Anne: [00:20:18] So you want to use the subject headings to describe the content in a database. Subject headings are the best way that you are going to be able to get information and do a good search. When youre looking at the drop down menu either make sure that youre clicking keyword or subject headings and those are going to get the best, most accurate information that youre looking for. As I mentioned too, youre not always going to know what a database is going to bring up so thats why its good to do multiple searches using various key words. For example, think of a database as a search in a phonebook or in the yellow pages. Cath Anne: [00:21:35] But who has a phonebook or Yellow Pages anymore? Haha. Pretend youre searching for movie theaters in the book but you cant find anything under the title of movie theaters. However, then you realize that its actually under the title theaters movie. Cath Anne: [00:21:57] When youre looking in a database youre going to want to use different words and different language as you continue to do your research and modify your searches because you dont know whats going to come up in which database. Cath Anne: [00:22:18] The next topic I wanted to discuss is Boolean operators. Im not going to go too in-depth with this just because it can get quite extensive. But I did want to do a bit of an overview of it just because its important to discuss when youre talking about academic research. Cath Anne: [00:22:43] Does anyone know what Im referring to when I say that? Boolean operators are use to connect and define the relationship between your search terms. Basically when youre searching an academic or electronic database you can use these words to either narrow your search or broaden your search. Cath Anne: [00:23:23] The three Boolean operators are super simple. They are: and, orand not. The word and can be used to narrow your search. When you use the word and all of your search terms will appear in your search. So for example, I want to do a search on online courses and academic performance and I want both of those terms to come up. I would use the word and so Ill just show you a little Venn diagram that I have done up here. Basically I have one circle that says academic performance and one circle that says online courses and in the middle. We will have all of the articles that have both of those terms in them. It will also bring up all the information on both of those terms. Cath Anne: [00:24:42] And is used to in order to narrow your search. If you want to broaden your search, you to use the word or. For example, if we are doing the same search we can say: online courses or web based instruction or distance learning. The search will bring up all the information using all of those words. Where as and narrows the search down and limits your search, or expands the search so it retrieves all the unique records containing one of those terms or both of those terms. You can also use the word not, if theres something that you dont want to include in your search. So say you want to do a search specifically on higher education and only on university not college. You would put in your search higher education not community college. Hopefully your search would only bring up information about universities. At least it wouldnt bring up information about community colleges. OK. So thats just a very basic and brief example of Boolean searches, but they can go much more in-depth. Actually there was one more thing I wanted to discuss. Bear in mind that if you are using Google Scholar, the program puts the word and automatically in-between every word that you search. Even if you dont say the word and its still automatically inserted. For example if you were trying to search something about college students and test anxiety if you put that directly into Google it would be translated to: college and students and test and anxiety. This is not what you want. In order to get the accurate search youll want to put parentheses around the groups of words that you want to stay together. For example, you want to put (college students) and (test anxiety). It suggests to the search algorithm that you want those groups of words to be placed together. Cath Anne: [00:31:45] Lets move on to a brief discussion of how to use Google Scholar. In my own research and in my time as a student I found that Google Scholar was a helpful resource for preliminary research. Now while I would recommend using other academic databases, of course, and the ones that are provided by your university, Google Scholar can be a really good basis to start your research and see whats out there. Cath Anne: [00:32:18] As I was discussing earlier you can start a preliminary literature review using Google Scholar. Basically you can use all of those techniques that I described such as the Boolean search keywords all in Google Scholar. You can just type everything into the search bar. Cath Anne: [00:32:43] After searching you should find a host of various resources and then you can also link to if you do have access to a university database you usually can access scholarly articles through your institution. Youll bring it up on Google Scholar and then itll have a log in option that will bring you back to your schools institutional database and then you can log in through there. Another unique aspect that I really like about Google Scholar is that it has a little drop down menu, which you can use to cite the article. Cath Anne: [00:33:57] You can also extract that citation and put it into your schools database. If you are not able to log in externally so you can take that and bring it over to your database and log in external or not logging externally log in through your database and access that resource. Cath Anne: [00:35:28] There are various resources that you can access to make sure that youre getting scholarly articles. You can use Google Scholar; you can go online through your own schools database and make sure that you are using those Boolean terms. Make sure youre using the subject and the description boxes to do your searches because those are the keyword boxes, which bring up the most relevant resources. From there, get started on doing your research. Dont leave your research till the very end. Enjoy the process of researching. I know that does sound a little bit nerdy but the way I think of doing research is that it is a skill that you can carry with you throughout your life. Cath Anne: [00:36:24] It is a valuable skill that you can draw on and you never know when an agency or an organization is going to need someone to do research. Thats what Ive found in my own career is that having research skills is invaluable and that it can transfer to basically any career. So its a good thing to put on your resume and its a good skill to bring to a job in the future as well. It helps you get good grades while you are in school as a student. Cath Anne: [00:36:53] Just before I sign off I wanted to just remind you that if you are starting to have a little bit of difficulty in school or youre feeling a little bit of the pressure of writing papers let me remind you that Homework Help Global does provide you with some support for academic essay writing. We can do editing; we can provide you with professional academic writing services, so that is something that is always available to you. Please give us a shout on Facebook on Instagram and on Twitter. Give us a shout if you do need any help and let us know how we can help you at all as we do have many qualified writers who are willing and able to help you out. I know its starting to get crunch time so wed love to help you. Cath Anne: [00:37:57] I guess thats it for this week. To sign off again, my name is Cath Anne. Thank you again for the regulars for joining me and I hope you all have a lovely evening. Well let you know the next topic for the Livestream as the week goes on. So stay tuned to Facebook and Instagram and let us know of any topics that come up throughout the week. You can access us on like I said Instagram, Twitter, Facebook and on our website. Use the hash tag #askHHG in order to ask us any questions as they might arise. Cath Anne: [00:38:50] We would love to hear from you and I really want to answer more of your questions so let us know what youre interested in hearing about and we will design a show around what you guys want to hear. All right thank you so much for joining me and have a great evening.

College Consults

College Consults July 27, 2013 We offer free 20-minute college consults at Ivy Coach. One of the reasons why we ask that parents or students seeking our college admissions services fill out a form for free 20-minute college consults is because we dont want to waste your time. By filling out the college admissions consultation form, we know something about you or your child. We dont have to waste your time by asking if this is about your son or daughter or if theyre a rising high school sophomore or junior. We dont have to ask where you live. Because we know this information going in. Its a better overall use of your time this way. If you fill-out the comments section, we can get right to your concerns. Weve noticed over the years that many parents waste a good portion of the free 20-minute college consult because they choose to brag about their children. If these parents only knew that they are not impressing us as we have had the pleasure of working with many brilliant students.   If you want our college admissions advice, sometimes the best thing to do is to just listen. This might be blunt but it is true and thats what were all about at Ivy Coach. Were going to tell it like it is. If you want to be told how amazing your child is, then maybe you should call Grandma and Grandpa or Aunt Lucy instead. So take advantage of our free consultation, and please dont brag about your child. In the meantime, let us know your questions by posting them below in the Comments section.

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