Transformational Leadership Free Essays

A great deal of exploration has gone into the subject of administration aptitudes as observed from some of a few alternate points of view. In actuality, from the early long stretches of 1900 onwards, examination on the sorts of authority and their models have been going on, and at first the purpose of fixation was on the pioneer, and his supporters. Scientists of the time, in any case, reached the resolution that no single trademark or characteristic could be taken as being completely logical of a specific leader’s capacities and his ability, and from there on analysts started the way toward breaking down and analyzing the circumstance and its impacts on a pioneer and his capacities, and furthermore caused a few endeavors to attempt to recognize viable from non-successful pioneers. We will compose a custom exposition test on Transformational Leadership or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now The motivation behind such examination was really to figure out which administration practices were actually exemplified by successful pioneers, and which were most certainly not. (History of authority Research) In this way, so as to more readily comprehend why a few people were compelling pioneers and some were not, specialists utilized the supposed ‘contingency model’ so as to break down and to finish up the different associations that must exist between close to home characteristics, situational factors, and the viability of a pioneer. In later years, particularly during the 1970’s and the 1980’s, the purpose of fixation for contemplating compelling authority characteristics in an individual moved to the individual qualities of a pioneer which served to make him a superior head, and which brought his organization gigantic benefits. The examination as a general rule presumed that pioneers and authority are significant and in actuality critical and essential segments of any association. (History of administration Research) Indeed, the essential thought of administration and its impact procedure has been a significant one as the years progressed, particularly when taken with regards to human relations and advertising inside an association. This is the structure, at that point, whereupon much examination on the different models of initiative have been helped out during that time and it is regularly viewed as the more valuable one whereupon to direct investigations. This is a direct result of the generally recognized certainty that the exceptionally social procedure through which one individual attempts to apply his own impact on others in his own specific manner is really exhibited in countless entomb individual connections between various individuals anyplace on the planet. (Tannenbaum; Weschler; Massarik, 1961) A few instances of these are the connection between the ‘superior and his subordinate’, the staff with the line, the sales rep with his client, the advisor with his customer, an educator with his understudy, the spouse with his significant other, a parent with his kid, et cetera. These are the ordinary connections that consistently happen with regards to gatherings, and inside associations, and furthermore inside a lot of societies, and are thus impacted by the associations and societies themselves. Along these lines, it tends to be expressed that when one wants to comprehend authority better, at that point one would need to attempt to increase a profound knowledge into the very nature and character of a character or of a gathering or of an association. From that point, one must endeavor to examine the different social factors that would constantly be available in any one gathering of a few unique people, and afterward dissect the different interrelationships among them and the factors that are found in an arrangement of impact of this specific kind. The two most significant components in such a system of administration examinations are, principally, the supposed ‘social sensitivity’ or what is otherwise called ’empathy’, and ‘action flexibility’, or what is otherwise called ‘behavioral flexibility’. Both these factors are vital while breaking down authority, and its adequacy and its causes. (Tannenbaum; Weschler; Massarik, 1961) It must be noticed that the word ‘leadership’ as such is a generally utilized word to be sure, and social laborers, political activists, speakers and researchers and obviously various others all use it in their discourse and in their composition. Notwithstanding, what should likewise be noted is the way that not every person concurs about its genuine and genuine importance; among the social researchers, administration has come to speak to something that will in every case continually move and change, and change its essential spotlight first on a certain something and afterward another. There is much more work to be completed before it very well may be really expressed that there is in fact an efficient and a fundamental hypothesis for authority, and an undeniable structure created whereupon to precisely gauge compelling administration. At the point when taken through history, authority contemplates have been viably indicating the moving spotlight on hypothetical direction of administration examines; though early investigations focused on the investigation of the pioneer as an individual, to the avoidance of different factors, later examinations laid accentuation on disconnecting the physical and the mental qualities of the pioneer, and these were viewed as characteristics which were in reality separating the pioneer from the various individuals from the gathering. (Tannenbaum; Weschler; Massarik, 1961) Moreover, the idea of otherworldliness in initiative is a moderately more up to date thought, and one that analysts have begun to investigate as of late, having been overlooked as an idea for as far back as several years prior to today. In any case, one must not overlook that all through our social history, man has had the option to recognize his own internal good just as profound principles, and seen them for the impact they will in general give occasion to feel qualms about human activities by and large. Indeed, it can even be expressed that it is man’s internal feeling of otherworldly completeness that characterizes humanity thusly, and furthermore decides man’s inward qualities, his feeling of profound quality and equity, and accordingly will in general direct man’s activities and the different choices that he makes in his every day life and furthermore in his working life. (Fairholm, 1997) Thusly, it must be recollected that otherworldliness assumes a significant job in a leader’s different activities and in his procedure of choices making, just as in the followers’ lives. Each and every individual has an intrinsic feeling of what his identity is, the thing that he is doing, and where he is going, and all these different ideas are guided by his internal otherworldliness. Truly, it tends to be expressed that it is this genuine internal identity that really directs man when all is said in done and a pioneer too. Soul is consequently an indivisible piece of the initiative of an individual, and it is this that guides him in his different activities. In today’s quick paced world, the working environment in reality turns into a focal piece of one’s life, and this implies one would need to relate one’s own profound qualities with his working environment vales, and this thus turns into the most significant and focal piece of initiative. (Fair holm, 1997) There are, until this point in time, various models of administration, that have been seen as compelling after escalated research led through numerous years, and the enthusiasm for what precisely makes a decent and powerful and proficient pioneer is as yet an amazingly intriguing subject. A portion of the better initiative models are, as indicated by research, the accompanying: the participative styles of administration, which, as per examines led by Hawthorne and Kurt Lewin and Likert, perpetually lead to an improved activity fulfillment, and furthermore to a superior exhibition. Another is the ‘contingency theory’, which contends that the best possible or the privilege or the best authority style is something that continually changing accord to the current setting. One case of this model is that clarified by Blake and Mouton’s administrative Grid, as indicated by which association formative practices can be effectively investigated. (Initiative Theories, 1) Another is the ‘instrumental theory’, as indicated by which a ton of stress is set on the errand, just as on the individual arranged standards of conduct, as, for instance, appointment, and investment with respect to the pioneer so as to increase better adequacy from the others in his group. Helpful authority hypotheses depend on the way that a solitary individual, with his moving character and lifestyle and technique for intuition, have the option to impact his group into better exhibitions. These pioneers are, as a rule, uplifting people, and they are on occasion called transformational pioneers as well. This kind of pioneer would engage the characteristic worth and dreams of the group of devotees around him, upon whom he would have the option to cast an incredible impact. He would not exclusively have the option to move and ingrain certainty among them, yet additionally have the option to inspire them to change any place and at whatever point essential for the advancement of the association. (Administration Theories, 1) The ‘informal leader’ is the individual who has not actually been delegated to initiative, yet would have the option to, when all is said in done, accept administration in complex different ways. Another administration hypothesis is the supposed ‘path objective theory’, as indicated by which the hope hypothesis of inspirations goes to the front, wherein a pioneer is answerable for propelling his group well, and into giving better exhibitions by and large. This hypothesis draws on the accompanying four distinct styles of authority: steady, mandate, participative, lastly, course situated. The genuine decision of style at last relies upon the assignment to be performed, and the person who is required to play out the undertaking. For instance, a standard undertaking would require an increasingly strong style of authority, while a perplexing and extreme errand would require an order kind of administration. (Authority Theories,

O and Tim Blake Nelson Essays

O and Tim Blake Nelson Essays O and Tim Blake Nelson Essay O and Tim Blake Nelson Essay The most evident distinction between the two films is the settings. Oliver Parker has kept Othello in Venice while Tim Blake Nelson has made an increasingly contemporary setting. Similarly as the settings of the two motion pictures are radically extraordinary, Othello and Odin properly fit into each setting. Oliver Parker’s Othello is an accomplished solider who is amazingly full grown and mindful of himself. He has incredible trust in Iago and considers him to be friend and needs to hear the entirety of his contemplations. Despite the fact that he has this trust in Iago, there is as yet a separation of pioneer and hireling between the two which is most likely why Othello verbally reports his trust in Desdemona. Tim Blake Nelson’s Odin, anyway encapsulates a high schooler. Odin is youthful and appears to be very juvenile. Odin has total trust in Hugo and when Hugo recommends viewing Desi all the more intently, he does only that. Rather than having pioneer and worker relationship, it feels like Odin and Hugo are on equivalent levels and are companions. Similarly as their characters are extraordinary, Othello and Odin’s responses to Iago/Hugo are unique. At the point when Iago educated Othello concerning his doubts about Desdemona, Othello holds his appearance. His resentment and vulnerability is stifled in light of the fact that he comprehends that there may be a misconception. He demands that he doesn't presume anything for appearance purpose, yet in his psyche he is having a great deal of doubts. Anyway Odin is near accepting each word Hugo feeds to him and quickly follows his recommendations. In the wake of having the possibility of infidelity in their brains, Othello and Odin begin rewarding Desdemona/Desi in an unexpected way. Othello despite everything has some trust with Desdemona and for the most part remains quiet about his doubts. He keeps his reservations genuinely very much covered up. Odin then again is amazingly verbal and even follows up on his resentment. At the point when Michael leaves the house, he will not converse with him which recommends a youthfulness which still can't seem to grow outward graciousness. Odin, actually, communicates his annoyance so much that he is stubborn on Desi’s unfaithfulness. What puts him over the edge is presumably when Michael was approached to supplant Odin on the b-ball group where Odin expeditiously tosses two or three punches at Michael, storms out of the court, and pummels the entryway behind him, which shows an absence of order, whimsicalness, and the failure to control his feelings. Shakespeare’s plays are not entirely clear and that is maybe the motivation behind why his plays can has radically various settings yet at the same time pass on similar topics and feelings. Oliver Parker acquaints us with a very much regarded, mindful Othello while Tim Blake Nelson makes another exceptionally enthusiastic, profoundly doubtful Odin. While they are the equivalent â€Å"character† the two of them have various characteristics.

Synthesis and analysis on Total quailty control book by Armand V Essay

Combination and investigation on Total quailty control book by Armand V. Feigenbaum - Essay Example Agreeing Basu (2006), quality is never â€Å"optional† for the association yet vital that guarantees the progression of a business. They accept that through absolute quality administration the business can build the nature of their administration conveyance and that of items. In any case, Armand (2008) accepts that there requirement for â€Å"total† way to deal with quality and in explicit brings up to add up to quality control as the path forward to fulfill the client needs. As per ISO 8402 all out quality administration can be characterized as a methodology of an organization, that is planned to concentrate on quality conveyance. More distant the ISO definition expresses that quality ought to be the obligation of the considerable number of individuals from staff and not the directors alone and this is in line to Armands accept to quality conveyance. Consequently complete quality administration includes the representatives, and different individuals from staff in thinking of methods of fulfilling the nature of an item, process quality and authoritative quality. Armand along these lines accepts that with all out quality control everyone in the associations strives to accomplish the objectives of the association and moves in the direction of consume r loyalty. Already, look into had proposed on the need of value for the accomplishment of any business association (Beckford, 2005). Be that as it may, Armand (2008) thought of all out quality control in the accomplishment of a business. He accepted that through absolute quality administration in associations was the route forward in understanding the nature of an item during the assembling procedure and, subsequently fulfilling the need of shoppers as they are the principle reasons of being good to go. This thought implied that all procedures and the units utilized in the assembling of an item should be centered around the last conveyance of a great item. The association ought to in this manner be the one answerable for the great item. The association as indicated by him comprises of the administration, the representatives and all other

The Whole

Initiative is fundamental to associations and all things considered, a pioneer needs to characterize his/her center capabilities before becoming acquainted with those of his/her devotees. A portion of the center skills that a pioneer should have for successful initiative incorporate vision and versatility, need setting, energy and instinct, serious soul, being a decent audience, impacting, and trusting. One of the key administration approaches is the utilization of the entire individual approach.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on The Whole-Person Approach of Leadership explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The methodology requires the utilization of the head, heart, feet and hands (Bruce and Montanezm 18). The advantages related with this type of authority are, for example, inspiration, capabilities, mindful, motivation, improved execution and creation, aptitude, values, skill, trustworthiness, and advancement of an authoritative culture. Al so, the methodology is an impression of the human side of administration. Under the entire individual methodology, every one of the parts (head, heart, hands, and feet) assumes various jobs despite the fact that they are interlaced. They additionally speak to various parts related with authoritative initiative. The leader’s head represents the special mastery, information, values, character, inspiration, and capabilities controlled by the pioneer (Bruce and Montanezm 18). It might likewise introduce the protected innovation, mentality, uprightness and the training of the pioneer. The hands of the pioneer speak to the aptitudes, client assistance, hand-on training, finish, usage, and assembling (Bruce and Montanezm 20) The leader’s feet may speak to the establishment whereupon the pioneers and the associations were constructed, hierarchical dependability, authoritative culture, its development, convention, history, and the originators of the association (Bruce and Monta nezm 18). In conclusion, the core of the pioneer is the inside phase of authority. Especially, it might speak to trust, cooperation, passionate; knowledge, pride, basic beliefs, and sentiments. At the point when the four segments are joined, they structure the humanness in authority. Consequently, an association should regard its workers as human/entire individual as opposed to mechanical makers. This methodology guarantees that an association grapples with this present reality singular difficulties that representatives face in and outside the association. Achievement in an association is a property of those in control. An effective association can accomplish its authoritative goals and build up a culture that joins the convictions, culture, and estimations of various gatherings. Pioneers are fundamentally change specialists supplied with force and impact. They are required to engage and impact their supporters. Force is a type of control that a pioneer practices over other people.A dvertising Looking for basic composition on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It makes individuals increasingly solid and invulnerable. Anyway a few people are frightened of it while others feel inept without it. At the point when force is utilized well in an association, it moves and elevates others into accomplishing their fantasies or targets. It is persuasive and enables others in the work environment to understand their objectives while they arrive at hierarchical destinations. Force can be positioned in type of coercive force, utility force, and principled force. In my view, pioneers ought to energize the utilization of the entire individuals to make completeness instead of independence. This makes cooperation as various parts of representatives are investigated. Among the three ways of intensity, I accept that the principled force is the most fitting one since its establishment is trust, reg ard, respect, and confidence in others. It makes reliance, collaboration, and common regard. To acknowledge what one needs, the way of principled force is most supported on the grounds that it is additionally satisfying contrasted with different ways of intensity recorded before. Works Cited Bruce, Anne and Stephanie Montanez. Leaders Start to Finish: A Road Map for Developing Top Performers. Alexandria, VA: ASTD Press, 2012. Print This basic composition on The Whole-Person Approach of Leadership was composed and put together by client Carlee U. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

EP 04 How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches

EP 04 How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches EP 04: How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches EP 04: How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches Welcome back to our Weekly Live Show and Fourth Episode of The Homework Help Show! In this episode, we discussed how to do effective academic research, how to gather your primary and secondary sources, doing boolean searches, and more. Our Host Cath Anne continues to provide value that will help you in your studies for many years to come! The Homework Help Show is our brand new show where we will teach, assist, and offer valuable insights on different topics related to students academic and personal lives. Want your questions answered? Ask your questions on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:05] For any of you who dont know me, my name is Cath Anne and I am the weekly host of Homework Help Globals The Learning Studio. I cant believe it, but this is our fourth episode. Its so hard to believe. Last week we talked a little bit about thesis statements and how to write them appropriately. Cath Anne: [00:00:30] Im just going to adjust my camera here for a minute. (To Instagram Viewer): Hi, The Neighbourly Consultant, Hi, Coach Kaur. You guys are getting to be regulars. Nice to see you. Cath Anne: [00:00:45] So I was just introducing our topic for this week and the topic is how to do effective research. This weeks topic goes along with our topic from last week: how to write an effective thesis statement. Cath Anne: [00:01:05] I know that things are starting to pick up here with school and most programs require you to write at least one essay. I know that some programs are more weighted in exams as opposed essays and other programs are weighted to essays. Are any of you students currently or did you take programs that were more weighted towards exams or essays? Cath Anne: [00:02:05] I know that when I was in school I wrote a lot of essays because I was in sociology and social work. So we didnt have as many exams we did have some when I first started university but it was definitely a lot more essays than it was then it was exams. Im just a little bit distracted because I want to make sure that Im still live on Facebook. Cath Anne: [00:02:56] So this week I wanted to jump in and start talking about academic research and how to do it effectively if that is helpful for folks. First I want to talk about why academic sources are important. Can anyone give me a sense of why academic sources are pertinent when youre doing research? Cath Anne: [00:03:31] Well, academic sources are really important because we want to be spreading research that is valid. Cath Anne: [00:03:40] When we are talking about research we want to make sure that we are resorting to credible resources for the sources of our information. Cath Anne: [00:03:49] And that is why professors are, I guess I would call them sticklers, when it comes to using credible resources. Cath Anne: [00:03:58] They often want academic and peer-reviewed articles. Thats what they always request when they are looking for academic papers. Basically your essay is only as good as the sources that youre using. Thats why I wanted to discuss academic resources. Academic resources can be broken down into two major categories. There are primary resources and then secondary resources. Cath Anne: [00:04:37] Can anyone chime in with what primary resources are? Cath Anne: [00:04:50] Primary resources are sources of raw data. So those are interviews, those are information from archives. They are pieces of raw data, like letters, diaries, pieces of art, anything that people create, maps, and meeting minutes. Primary sources are not going to be resources that youll use regularly if youre in an undergraduate program. Although maybe when you get into third and fourth year and you start doing a bit more in-depth research if youre in a history major you might start looking at archives and investigating some information there. If youre in sociology courses you might start to do some research in terms of gathering data through interviews, which would also be considered primary data. Cath Anne: [00:05:50] In sum, primary sources are raw data and secondary sources are probably what we are most familiar with as students and those are resources that have already been developed and theyve already gone through the process of peer review. Cath Anne: [00:06:13] For example, secondary sources are journal articles, chapters, and scholarly books, monograph textbooks, encyclopedias, and even some websites could be considered secondary sources. Cath Anne: [00:06:29] Secondary sources are often a compilation of primary sources with a little bit of additional research. When youre writing a paper in an undergraduate degree you will be using secondary sources. In this case when you are beginning your research you will certainly want to make sure that your resources are academic so youre not just going to want to jump on the Internet just type something into Google and think that is a reputable source. Im sure most people are aware of that and if not Im sure that your professors have told you that. However, sometimes it can be tempting because we do have information readily at our fingertips all the time these days. Make sure that it is an academic source. Lets discuss some information about how to determine what an academic source is. Cath Anne: [00:07:23] First off, youll want to be looking for the words peer-reviewed. peer-reviewed means that it has gone through a rigorous process of review. In other words, people who are in academia and who do research are subject to scrutiny by their peers. And thats basically what peer review means. When someone goes to submit something to a journal they go through a whole process of determining whether their research was valid; whether their methodology was valid; whether or how they presented it was appropriate; and they might have to go back and review it and change some things. That is the process of determining whether something is a valid source of information or not. When youre doing research for your papers, youll want to make sure that youre only accessing academic articles that have been peer-reviewed. Cath Anne: [00:08:29] In order to determine whether something is peer-reviewed you want to make sure that youre sourcing it from a database where peer-reviewed articles are available. Cath Anne: [00:08:39] For example, youll go on the database youll use the journal search. Make sure that the journal that youre drawing the information from provides only peer-reviewed articles. Cath Anne: [00:09:00] Usually when youll be using a database that is provided by universities so it is most likely that you will have access to reputable sources. Most of the articles that are those databases are going to be peer-reviewed. However, youre going to want to make sure of that. Go into the journal itself and look to make sure that they do go through a peer review process. Cath Anne: [00:09:43] When you go into your database search you will see (probably over on the right side) that there will be different options that you can choose to filter your search. You should be able to click peer-reviewed articles. When you do your search use the filter only peer-reviewed articles and just peer-reviewed articles will come up. In that way you can be certain that anything that youre using in your paper is a peer-reviewed article. Although I said that you shouldnt just jump on Google and do your search. Cath Anne: [00:10:27] Google does have an option called Google Scholar where you can search scholarly articles. If you do use this function youre going to want to make sure that your search is still a peer-reviewed source. Cath Anne: [00:10:54] How do you determine that? Well, you can go to the actual journal and make certain that the your journal that youre sourcing from goes through a peer review process. Then you can kind of do your own investigative piece. Cath Anne: [00:11:17] In order to do this, look at the research article and question whether it is a research article. Ask the following questions: Has research been done? Has this research been conducted by the authors of the article? If so, generally, that means that it has gone through a peer review process. Also, most research papers have a front sheet that will demonstrate or determine that they are from peer-reviewed journals. Cath Anne: [00:12:42] As a general tip, definitely dont rush the research process depending on how long. Depending on how long your paper is going to be youre probably going to want to gather some information over the course of a couple of weeks at least and then narrow it down. Cath Anne: [00:13:09] Another important aspect to consider is narrowing your search. What I mean by that is perhaps when youre doing your search youre looking at a database and you dont necessarily know what words youre looking for. For example, Im doing research on homelessness amongst women in Canada. Cath Anne: [00:14:13] Im going to want to type in my key words so Im going to type in homeless women and feminism because I want to do my research through a feminist lens. Ill type in all of those words and Ill see what comes up. Ill see what information is available on that topic and then I might draw some words from those descriptions. For example, say some other words like social justice, social work, housing, and poverty start to come up amongst the articles I find. Ill use those words to do further my research from there. My kind of approach when Im doing a bigger paper is I like to start somewhere. I start with my topic and gather information on that topic gather using relevant literature. Ill read that over. Ill use that information to frame my research from there. Cath Anne: [00:15:31] Sometimes a good way to start is to do an initially search on Google Scholar and not in a database. This will give you an opportunity to see what information is out there on the topic. You wont always know what a database is going to have or retrieve around specific words. So you want to be open to using different language to get the resources that you want and not give up on your search. Dont be satisfied with subpar resources. Make sure that youre getting the best information that you think you can. Cath Anne: [00:17:10] When you are determining if something is an appropriate resource youre also going to want to make sure that its not a book review. However, book reviews can be helpful, but they cannot be used as academic sources. As I mentioned when you are doing research its important to see whats out there. I find book reviews can sometimes be helpful to understand those in-depth concepts about more academic and scholarly books because they provide a breakdown and a bit of an analysis of that dense information. Cath Anne: [00:18:01] If your professor is asking for seven to 10 resources or references make sure that you are aware that a book review would not count as one of those resources. Cath Anne: [00:18:36] When youre writing a research paper, you want to make sure that you bear in mind that its not just a gathering of information. Make sure that you are forming an argument or statement about the information you retrieve. Make sure that you understand the content of your research so that you can form an argument around it. Cath Anne: [00:19:24] OK. Lets talk specifically about subject headings and key words. When you open a database youll see a drop down menu with various options. Youll usually have: title, keyword, subject, author. Cath Anne: [00:20:09] Sorry thats my cat. I forgot to put him away. Sorry about that everyone. OK. Cath Anne: [00:20:18] So you want to use the subject headings to describe the content in a database. Subject headings are the best way that you are going to be able to get information and do a good search. When youre looking at the drop down menu either make sure that youre clicking keyword or subject headings and those are going to get the best, most accurate information that youre looking for. As I mentioned too, youre not always going to know what a database is going to bring up so thats why its good to do multiple searches using various key words. For example, think of a database as a search in a phonebook or in the yellow pages. Cath Anne: [00:21:35] But who has a phonebook or Yellow Pages anymore? Haha. Pretend youre searching for movie theaters in the book but you cant find anything under the title of movie theaters. However, then you realize that its actually under the title theaters movie. Cath Anne: [00:21:57] When youre looking in a database youre going to want to use different words and different language as you continue to do your research and modify your searches because you dont know whats going to come up in which database. Cath Anne: [00:22:18] The next topic I wanted to discuss is Boolean operators. Im not going to go too in-depth with this just because it can get quite extensive. But I did want to do a bit of an overview of it just because its important to discuss when youre talking about academic research. Cath Anne: [00:22:43] Does anyone know what Im referring to when I say that? Boolean operators are use to connect and define the relationship between your search terms. Basically when youre searching an academic or electronic database you can use these words to either narrow your search or broaden your search. Cath Anne: [00:23:23] The three Boolean operators are super simple. They are: and, orand not. The word and can be used to narrow your search. When you use the word and all of your search terms will appear in your search. So for example, I want to do a search on online courses and academic performance and I want both of those terms to come up. I would use the word and so Ill just show you a little Venn diagram that I have done up here. Basically I have one circle that says academic performance and one circle that says online courses and in the middle. We will have all of the articles that have both of those terms in them. It will also bring up all the information on both of those terms. Cath Anne: [00:24:42] And is used to in order to narrow your search. If you want to broaden your search, you to use the word or. For example, if we are doing the same search we can say: online courses or web based instruction or distance learning. The search will bring up all the information using all of those words. Where as and narrows the search down and limits your search, or expands the search so it retrieves all the unique records containing one of those terms or both of those terms. You can also use the word not, if theres something that you dont want to include in your search. So say you want to do a search specifically on higher education and only on university not college. You would put in your search higher education not community college. Hopefully your search would only bring up information about universities. At least it wouldnt bring up information about community colleges. OK. So thats just a very basic and brief example of Boolean searches, but they can go much more in-depth. Actually there was one more thing I wanted to discuss. Bear in mind that if you are using Google Scholar, the program puts the word and automatically in-between every word that you search. Even if you dont say the word and its still automatically inserted. For example if you were trying to search something about college students and test anxiety if you put that directly into Google it would be translated to: college and students and test and anxiety. This is not what you want. In order to get the accurate search youll want to put parentheses around the groups of words that you want to stay together. For example, you want to put (college students) and (test anxiety). It suggests to the search algorithm that you want those groups of words to be placed together. Cath Anne: [00:31:45] Lets move on to a brief discussion of how to use Google Scholar. In my own research and in my time as a student I found that Google Scholar was a helpful resource for preliminary research. Now while I would recommend using other academic databases, of course, and the ones that are provided by your university, Google Scholar can be a really good basis to start your research and see whats out there. Cath Anne: [00:32:18] As I was discussing earlier you can start a preliminary literature review using Google Scholar. Basically you can use all of those techniques that I described such as the Boolean search keywords all in Google Scholar. You can just type everything into the search bar. Cath Anne: [00:32:43] After searching you should find a host of various resources and then you can also link to if you do have access to a university database you usually can access scholarly articles through your institution. Youll bring it up on Google Scholar and then itll have a log in option that will bring you back to your schools institutional database and then you can log in through there. Another unique aspect that I really like about Google Scholar is that it has a little drop down menu, which you can use to cite the article. Cath Anne: [00:33:57] You can also extract that citation and put it into your schools database. If you are not able to log in externally so you can take that and bring it over to your database and log in external or not logging externally log in through your database and access that resource. Cath Anne: [00:35:28] There are various resources that you can access to make sure that youre getting scholarly articles. You can use Google Scholar; you can go online through your own schools database and make sure that you are using those Boolean terms. Make sure youre using the subject and the description boxes to do your searches because those are the keyword boxes, which bring up the most relevant resources. From there, get started on doing your research. Dont leave your research till the very end. Enjoy the process of researching. I know that does sound a little bit nerdy but the way I think of doing research is that it is a skill that you can carry with you throughout your life. Cath Anne: [00:36:24] It is a valuable skill that you can draw on and you never know when an agency or an organization is going to need someone to do research. Thats what Ive found in my own career is that having research skills is invaluable and that it can transfer to basically any career. So its a good thing to put on your resume and its a good skill to bring to a job in the future as well. It helps you get good grades while you are in school as a student. Cath Anne: [00:36:53] Just before I sign off I wanted to just remind you that if you are starting to have a little bit of difficulty in school or youre feeling a little bit of the pressure of writing papers let me remind you that Homework Help Global does provide you with some support for academic essay writing. We can do editing; we can provide you with professional academic writing services, so that is something that is always available to you. Please give us a shout on Facebook on Instagram and on Twitter. Give us a shout if you do need any help and let us know how we can help you at all as we do have many qualified writers who are willing and able to help you out. I know its starting to get crunch time so wed love to help you. Cath Anne: [00:37:57] I guess thats it for this week. To sign off again, my name is Cath Anne. Thank you again for the regulars for joining me and I hope you all have a lovely evening. Well let you know the next topic for the Livestream as the week goes on. So stay tuned to Facebook and Instagram and let us know of any topics that come up throughout the week. You can access us on like I said Instagram, Twitter, Facebook and on our website. Use the hash tag #askHHG in order to ask us any questions as they might arise. Cath Anne: [00:38:50] We would love to hear from you and I really want to answer more of your questions so let us know what youre interested in hearing about and we will design a show around what you guys want to hear. All right thank you so much for joining me and have a great evening. EP 04 How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches EP 04: How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches EP 04: How To Do Effective Academic Research Boolean Searches Welcome back to our Weekly Live Show and Fourth Episode of The Homework Help Show! In this episode, we discussed how to do effective academic research, how to gather your primary and secondary sources, doing boolean searches, and more. Our Host Cath Anne continues to provide value that will help you in your studies for many years to come! The Homework Help Show is our brand new show where we will teach, assist, and offer valuable insights on different topics related to students academic and personal lives. Want your questions answered? Ask your questions on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:05] For any of you who dont know me, my name is Cath Anne and I am the weekly host of Homework Help Globals The Learning Studio. I cant believe it, but this is our fourth episode. Its so hard to believe. Last week we talked a little bit about thesis statements and how to write them appropriately. Cath Anne: [00:00:30] Im just going to adjust my camera here for a minute. (To Instagram Viewer): Hi, The Neighbourly Consultant, Hi, Coach Kaur. You guys are getting to be regulars. Nice to see you. Cath Anne: [00:00:45] So I was just introducing our topic for this week and the topic is how to do effective research. This weeks topic goes along with our topic from last week: how to write an effective thesis statement. Cath Anne: [00:01:05] I know that things are starting to pick up here with school and most programs require you to write at least one essay. I know that some programs are more weighted in exams as opposed essays and other programs are weighted to essays. Are any of you students currently or did you take programs that were more weighted towards exams or essays? Cath Anne: [00:02:05] I know that when I was in school I wrote a lot of essays because I was in sociology and social work. So we didnt have as many exams we did have some when I first started university but it was definitely a lot more essays than it was then it was exams. Im just a little bit distracted because I want to make sure that Im still live on Facebook. Cath Anne: [00:02:56] So this week I wanted to jump in and start talking about academic research and how to do it effectively if that is helpful for folks. First I want to talk about why academic sources are important. Can anyone give me a sense of why academic sources are pertinent when youre doing research? Cath Anne: [00:03:31] Well, academic sources are really important because we want to be spreading research that is valid. Cath Anne: [00:03:40] When we are talking about research we want to make sure that we are resorting to credible resources for the sources of our information. Cath Anne: [00:03:49] And that is why professors are, I guess I would call them sticklers, when it comes to using credible resources. Cath Anne: [00:03:58] They often want academic and peer-reviewed articles. Thats what they always request when they are looking for academic papers. Basically your essay is only as good as the sources that youre using. Thats why I wanted to discuss academic resources. Academic resources can be broken down into two major categories. There are primary resources and then secondary resources. Cath Anne: [00:04:37] Can anyone chime in with what primary resources are? Cath Anne: [00:04:50] Primary resources are sources of raw data. So those are interviews, those are information from archives. They are pieces of raw data, like letters, diaries, pieces of art, anything that people create, maps, and meeting minutes. Primary sources are not going to be resources that youll use regularly if youre in an undergraduate program. Although maybe when you get into third and fourth year and you start doing a bit more in-depth research if youre in a history major you might start looking at archives and investigating some information there. If youre in sociology courses you might start to do some research in terms of gathering data through interviews, which would also be considered primary data. Cath Anne: [00:05:50] In sum, primary sources are raw data and secondary sources are probably what we are most familiar with as students and those are resources that have already been developed and theyve already gone through the process of peer review. Cath Anne: [00:06:13] For example, secondary sources are journal articles, chapters, and scholarly books, monograph textbooks, encyclopedias, and even some websites could be considered secondary sources. Cath Anne: [00:06:29] Secondary sources are often a compilation of primary sources with a little bit of additional research. When youre writing a paper in an undergraduate degree you will be using secondary sources. In this case when you are beginning your research you will certainly want to make sure that your resources are academic so youre not just going to want to jump on the Internet just type something into Google and think that is a reputable source. Im sure most people are aware of that and if not Im sure that your professors have told you that. However, sometimes it can be tempting because we do have information readily at our fingertips all the time these days. Make sure that it is an academic source. Lets discuss some information about how to determine what an academic source is. Cath Anne: [00:07:23] First off, youll want to be looking for the words peer-reviewed. peer-reviewed means that it has gone through a rigorous process of review. In other words, people who are in academia and who do research are subject to scrutiny by their peers. And thats basically what peer review means. When someone goes to submit something to a journal they go through a whole process of determining whether their research was valid; whether their methodology was valid; whether or how they presented it was appropriate; and they might have to go back and review it and change some things. That is the process of determining whether something is a valid source of information or not. When youre doing research for your papers, youll want to make sure that youre only accessing academic articles that have been peer-reviewed. Cath Anne: [00:08:29] In order to determine whether something is peer-reviewed you want to make sure that youre sourcing it from a database where peer-reviewed articles are available. Cath Anne: [00:08:39] For example, youll go on the database youll use the journal search. Make sure that the journal that youre drawing the information from provides only peer-reviewed articles. Cath Anne: [00:09:00] Usually when youll be using a database that is provided by universities so it is most likely that you will have access to reputable sources. Most of the articles that are those databases are going to be peer-reviewed. However, youre going to want to make sure of that. Go into the journal itself and look to make sure that they do go through a peer review process. Cath Anne: [00:09:43] When you go into your database search you will see (probably over on the right side) that there will be different options that you can choose to filter your search. You should be able to click peer-reviewed articles. When you do your search use the filter only peer-reviewed articles and just peer-reviewed articles will come up. In that way you can be certain that anything that youre using in your paper is a peer-reviewed article. Although I said that you shouldnt just jump on Google and do your search. Cath Anne: [00:10:27] Google does have an option called Google Scholar where you can search scholarly articles. If you do use this function youre going to want to make sure that your search is still a peer-reviewed source. Cath Anne: [00:10:54] How do you determine that? Well, you can go to the actual journal and make certain that the your journal that youre sourcing from goes through a peer review process. Then you can kind of do your own investigative piece. Cath Anne: [00:11:17] In order to do this, look at the research article and question whether it is a research article. Ask the following questions: Has research been done? Has this research been conducted by the authors of the article? If so, generally, that means that it has gone through a peer review process. Also, most research papers have a front sheet that will demonstrate or determine that they are from peer-reviewed journals. Cath Anne: [00:12:42] As a general tip, definitely dont rush the research process depending on how long. Depending on how long your paper is going to be youre probably going to want to gather some information over the course of a couple of weeks at least and then narrow it down. Cath Anne: [00:13:09] Another important aspect to consider is narrowing your search. What I mean by that is perhaps when youre doing your search youre looking at a database and you dont necessarily know what words youre looking for. For example, Im doing research on homelessness amongst women in Canada. Cath Anne: [00:14:13] Im going to want to type in my key words so Im going to type in homeless women and feminism because I want to do my research through a feminist lens. Ill type in all of those words and Ill see what comes up. Ill see what information is available on that topic and then I might draw some words from those descriptions. For example, say some other words like social justice, social work, housing, and poverty start to come up amongst the articles I find. Ill use those words to do further my research from there. My kind of approach when Im doing a bigger paper is I like to start somewhere. I start with my topic and gather information on that topic gather using relevant literature. Ill read that over. Ill use that information to frame my research from there. Cath Anne: [00:15:31] Sometimes a good way to start is to do an initially search on Google Scholar and not in a database. This will give you an opportunity to see what information is out there on the topic. You wont always know what a database is going to have or retrieve around specific words. So you want to be open to using different language to get the resources that you want and not give up on your search. Dont be satisfied with subpar resources. Make sure that youre getting the best information that you think you can. Cath Anne: [00:17:10] When you are determining if something is an appropriate resource youre also going to want to make sure that its not a book review. However, book reviews can be helpful, but they cannot be used as academic sources. As I mentioned when you are doing research its important to see whats out there. I find book reviews can sometimes be helpful to understand those in-depth concepts about more academic and scholarly books because they provide a breakdown and a bit of an analysis of that dense information. Cath Anne: [00:18:01] If your professor is asking for seven to 10 resources or references make sure that you are aware that a book review would not count as one of those resources. Cath Anne: [00:18:36] When youre writing a research paper, you want to make sure that you bear in mind that its not just a gathering of information. Make sure that you are forming an argument or statement about the information you retrieve. Make sure that you understand the content of your research so that you can form an argument around it. Cath Anne: [00:19:24] OK. Lets talk specifically about subject headings and key words. When you open a database youll see a drop down menu with various options. Youll usually have: title, keyword, subject, author. Cath Anne: [00:20:09] Sorry thats my cat. I forgot to put him away. Sorry about that everyone. OK. Cath Anne: [00:20:18] So you want to use the subject headings to describe the content in a database. Subject headings are the best way that you are going to be able to get information and do a good search. When youre looking at the drop down menu either make sure that youre clicking keyword or subject headings and those are going to get the best, most accurate information that youre looking for. As I mentioned too, youre not always going to know what a database is going to bring up so thats why its good to do multiple searches using various key words. For example, think of a database as a search in a phonebook or in the yellow pages. Cath Anne: [00:21:35] But who has a phonebook or Yellow Pages anymore? Haha. Pretend youre searching for movie theaters in the book but you cant find anything under the title of movie theaters. However, then you realize that its actually under the title theaters movie. Cath Anne: [00:21:57] When youre looking in a database youre going to want to use different words and different language as you continue to do your research and modify your searches because you dont know whats going to come up in which database. Cath Anne: [00:22:18] The next topic I wanted to discuss is Boolean operators. Im not going to go too in-depth with this just because it can get quite extensive. But I did want to do a bit of an overview of it just because its important to discuss when youre talking about academic research. Cath Anne: [00:22:43] Does anyone know what Im referring to when I say that? Boolean operators are use to connect and define the relationship between your search terms. Basically when youre searching an academic or electronic database you can use these words to either narrow your search or broaden your search. Cath Anne: [00:23:23] The three Boolean operators are super simple. They are: and, orand not. The word and can be used to narrow your search. When you use the word and all of your search terms will appear in your search. So for example, I want to do a search on online courses and academic performance and I want both of those terms to come up. I would use the word and so Ill just show you a little Venn diagram that I have done up here. Basically I have one circle that says academic performance and one circle that says online courses and in the middle. We will have all of the articles that have both of those terms in them. It will also bring up all the information on both of those terms. Cath Anne: [00:24:42] And is used to in order to narrow your search. If you want to broaden your search, you to use the word or. For example, if we are doing the same search we can say: online courses or web based instruction or distance learning. The search will bring up all the information using all of those words. Where as and narrows the search down and limits your search, or expands the search so it retrieves all the unique records containing one of those terms or both of those terms. You can also use the word not, if theres something that you dont want to include in your search. So say you want to do a search specifically on higher education and only on university not college. You would put in your search higher education not community college. Hopefully your search would only bring up information about universities. At least it wouldnt bring up information about community colleges. OK. So thats just a very basic and brief example of Boolean searches, but they can go much more in-depth. Actually there was one more thing I wanted to discuss. Bear in mind that if you are using Google Scholar, the program puts the word and automatically in-between every word that you search. Even if you dont say the word and its still automatically inserted. For example if you were trying to search something about college students and test anxiety if you put that directly into Google it would be translated to: college and students and test and anxiety. This is not what you want. In order to get the accurate search youll want to put parentheses around the groups of words that you want to stay together. For example, you want to put (college students) and (test anxiety). It suggests to the search algorithm that you want those groups of words to be placed together. Cath Anne: [00:31:45] Lets move on to a brief discussion of how to use Google Scholar. In my own research and in my time as a student I found that Google Scholar was a helpful resource for preliminary research. Now while I would recommend using other academic databases, of course, and the ones that are provided by your university, Google Scholar can be a really good basis to start your research and see whats out there. Cath Anne: [00:32:18] As I was discussing earlier you can start a preliminary literature review using Google Scholar. Basically you can use all of those techniques that I described such as the Boolean search keywords all in Google Scholar. You can just type everything into the search bar. Cath Anne: [00:32:43] After searching you should find a host of various resources and then you can also link to if you do have access to a university database you usually can access scholarly articles through your institution. Youll bring it up on Google Scholar and then itll have a log in option that will bring you back to your schools institutional database and then you can log in through there. Another unique aspect that I really like about Google Scholar is that it has a little drop down menu, which you can use to cite the article. Cath Anne: [00:33:57] You can also extract that citation and put it into your schools database. If you are not able to log in externally so you can take that and bring it over to your database and log in external or not logging externally log in through your database and access that resource. Cath Anne: [00:35:28] There are various resources that you can access to make sure that youre getting scholarly articles. You can use Google Scholar; you can go online through your own schools database and make sure that you are using those Boolean terms. Make sure youre using the subject and the description boxes to do your searches because those are the keyword boxes, which bring up the most relevant resources. From there, get started on doing your research. Dont leave your research till the very end. Enjoy the process of researching. I know that does sound a little bit nerdy but the way I think of doing research is that it is a skill that you can carry with you throughout your life. Cath Anne: [00:36:24] It is a valuable skill that you can draw on and you never know when an agency or an organization is going to need someone to do research. Thats what Ive found in my own career is that having research skills is invaluable and that it can transfer to basically any career. So its a good thing to put on your resume and its a good skill to bring to a job in the future as well. It helps you get good grades while you are in school as a student. Cath Anne: [00:36:53] Just before I sign off I wanted to just remind you that if you are starting to have a little bit of difficulty in school or youre feeling a little bit of the pressure of writing papers let me remind you that Homework Help Global does provide you with some support for academic essay writing. We can do editing; we can provide you with professional academic writing services, so that is something that is always available to you. Please give us a shout on Facebook on Instagram and on Twitter. Give us a shout if you do need any help and let us know how we can help you at all as we do have many qualified writers who are willing and able to help you out. I know its starting to get crunch time so wed love to help you. Cath Anne: [00:37:57] I guess thats it for this week. To sign off again, my name is Cath Anne. Thank you again for the regulars for joining me and I hope you all have a lovely evening. Well let you know the next topic for the Livestream as the week goes on. So stay tuned to Facebook and Instagram and let us know of any topics that come up throughout the week. You can access us on like I said Instagram, Twitter, Facebook and on our website. Use the hash tag #askHHG in order to ask us any questions as they might arise. Cath Anne: [00:38:50] We would love to hear from you and I really want to answer more of your questions so let us know what youre interested in hearing about and we will design a show around what you guys want to hear. All right thank you so much for joining me and have a great evening.

College Consults

College Consults July 27, 2013 We offer free 20-minute college consults at Ivy Coach. One of the reasons why we ask that parents or students seeking our college admissions services fill out a form for free 20-minute college consults is because we dont want to waste your time. By filling out the college admissions consultation form, we know something about you or your child. We dont have to waste your time by asking if this is about your son or daughter or if theyre a rising high school sophomore or junior. We dont have to ask where you live. Because we know this information going in. Its a better overall use of your time this way. If you fill-out the comments section, we can get right to your concerns. Weve noticed over the years that many parents waste a good portion of the free 20-minute college consult because they choose to brag about their children. If these parents only knew that they are not impressing us as we have had the pleasure of working with many brilliant students.   If you want our college admissions advice, sometimes the best thing to do is to just listen. This might be blunt but it is true and thats what were all about at Ivy Coach. Were going to tell it like it is. If you want to be told how amazing your child is, then maybe you should call Grandma and Grandpa or Aunt Lucy instead. So take advantage of our free consultation, and please dont brag about your child. In the meantime, let us know your questions by posting them below in the Comments section.

Identifying Minerals by Streak Tests

Financial Crises And Its Effects On Global Economic Crisis

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Loans For The Unemployed May Be A Solution - 1576 Words

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The y can range from one year up to 10 years for loan amounts from a low $500 to as much as $20,000. Unemployment status generally creates a new budgetary mindset that the individual never had before. New and better ways to utilize the money now available materialize, enabling them to do more with less. Over time these new practices become new habits that are carried over after the unemployment crisis has passed. Things that were once thought to be unbearable are now feasible and not as bad aShow MoreRelatedShould College Tuition Be Paid?1687 Words   |  7 Pagesable to actually pay for college. College tuition is high in price and increases every year, making it almost impossible for students to graduate without extreme debt. There are scholarships, financial aid, and loans to help out those who cannot afford to pay high tuition prices, but these loans are not desirable as they lead to this debt immediately after graduating. 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Things Fall Apart and Distinctive World Free Essays

The distinctive world in which the character abides by creates the distinctive voice. Each character is portrayed by their voice and actions. The characteristic of the distinctive world in which he or she inhabits shapes the character. We will write a custom essay sample on Things Fall Apart and Distinctive World or any similar topic only for you Order Now Good_______ Mr turner and fellow students; I have chosen the text â€Å"Things fall apart† by Chinua Achebe to relate to our class text â€Å"The life and crimes of Harry Lavender† by Marele Day. By doing so, I will convey through my perception, the various types and functions of a distinctive voice and how language affects interpretation and shapes the meaning of both the distinctive voice and world. In our class text â€Å"The life and crimes of Harry Lavender† Claudia Valentine, is a private detective of the 1960’s who symbolises women liberation. The deceiving facade of Sydney which she lives in portrays the values of corruption, addiction and crime. This distinctive world created depicts the distinctive voices of Claudia and Harry Lavender, the antagonist of this novel. While describing Harry’s power, domination and concealment over Sydney. Claudia decodes the mysteries and understands more about herself and the distinctive world she resides in. There are two distinctive voices, Claudia Valentine and Harry Lavender. Claudia valentine is shaped to be a strong character, who is not inhibited by traditions. Her independent nature and â€Å"hard bitten† experiences make her more observant and resourceful. However as we keep reading; we understand her insecurities and the subtle heart all women have. Harry Lavender the antagonist of this novel is a man of strong power who is metaphorically illustrated to be the heart, the veins, and the blood of Sydney. He is a man of corruption and crime, and a symbol of the calamitous facade of Sydney. Both voices are created by the world of Sydney or how the author has quoted â€Å"the sewage of Sydney†. Similarly, in the novel â€Å"Things fall apart† by Chinua Achebe; a world is created with the recurring theme beliefs and customs portrayed through contrasts between the Pagan and African cultures. The novel is about an African tribe’s man’s life set in the early 19th century around the time of colonisation in Nigeria. Since childhood he has embarked on a journey to become a successful man in his tribe as he had not been from a respected family by decent. The many differences clash when cultural imperialism takes place and Christianity is imposed. His arrogance and cultural disposition makes him want to take revenge but ends up in a situation of despair, ending his life in shame and misery. The distinctive voice of this novel is the character Okonkwo, the society he lives in reins his thoughts and actions. In an African tribe a man was considered successful by the masculinity, strength, brutality, polygamy; numerous numbers of wives, vengeance is justice and the suppression of â€Å"feminine† emotions such as compassion and love. Quoted in the text, â€Å"As a young man of eighteen he had brought honour to his village by throwing Amalinze the cat† by describing Okonkwo’s victory against Amalinze, the author illustrates that honour and fame is only valued through strength. From both the novels there may be a contrast of values, setting and beliefs however both use techniques to convey the world which characterises each distinctive voice. Marele Day distinguishes the voices in â€Å"The life and Crimes of Harry Lavender†. Claudia’s thoughts are in first person and her conversations are expressed in colloquial language, this engages the reader to become more personal with Claudia. However Harry’s voice is portrayed in a formal way, making the character more distant from the reader, expressing less commiseration. To express themes of the distinctive world, Marele uses truncated sentences. â€Å"Close by the bed was a bottle of Jack Daniels: empty. And an ash tray: full. †This quote conveys the addiction present in the distinctive world and Claudia. To express this on a whole the author uses the technique of subvert convention. At the beginning she has awaken next to a blonde which we believe to be a women. Her sardonic humour also indicate the stereotypical male role of a private eye, however we soon realise that she is a women, giving a new perception to the distinctive world created as being sexually liberated. Harry Lavender is portrayed to be the world himself. Through the use of imagery Marele Day characterises Harry Lavender to be the god of the deceiving facade of Sydney. â€Å"Up there is a postcard view of Sydney† this quote describes Sydney to be at his fingertips. The world Marele creates is a world of corruption, addiction, murder and mystery all of which is present in Harry’s character. Likewise in the novel â€Å"Things fall apart†, Culture is the distinctive world created. Okonkwo, strongly believes in his culture where importance is based on masculinity, strength, and revenge in disparity to the pagan culture where importance is given to profession, wealth and the law of justice. This contrast is a technique which the author uses to express both the distinctive worlds. Simple folk tales are used to express the culture further, giving us a more indepth explanation of Okonkwo’s distinctive world and character. Another technique which the author uses to portray the world is the detailed description of everyday life. An example is the way the author describes the preparation of Okonkwo’s food by his three wives. Overall techniques are strongly used to allow the reader to analyse the distinctive world and voice. Both texts â€Å"the life and crimes of Harry Lavender† and â€Å"things fall apart† demonstrate various types of distinctive voices which use language to shape the meaning of both the distinctive voice and world. Now we learn that distinctive voices not only serve the purpose of communication but create and represent the distinctive world itself. How to cite Things Fall Apart and Distinctive World, Papers

Battle of Saratoga free essay sample

Leading to the Battles of Bemires Heights and Freemans Farm, the Battle of Saratoga became known as a highly significant battle Of the American Revolution. These battles were a necessity to the victory of the Revolution for the Americans. The Battles of Bemires Heights and Freemans Farm were very necessary because they really helped out the Americans chances of winning more battles that would take place later. As General Burgeoned was leading his forces to Albany, he ran into the American forces at Bemires Heights (where they also fought after the battle of freemans farm).The American forces deed to do anything they could to get rid of as many British forces as possible. The Battles that took place had huge turning points for both side because the number of people that were killed and the amount of ammunition that was used affected later battles of the Revolution. In the Battle of Bemires Heights, Burgeoned had his army retreat northward for the town of Saratoga (silently in the night), having to leave the sick and injured behind, and the dead unburied.This proved how these battles affected the decisions of the fighting forces, some being sick and cruel, while others being intelligent and applicable. The Battle of Freemans Farm (taking place on September 19, 1777) was a very significant battle for the British and the Americans. The British were surprised at Bemires Heights, where the British suffered about 500 casualties while the Americans sustained about 280. The battle was taking place on Freemans Farm. Freeman was a Loyalist who had earlier left for Canada.After about three hours of battle, the Americans ran out of ammunition, making them have to retreat. The British then claimed victory at Freemans Farm. Freemans Farm was located on the west side bank of the Hudson River. It was right near Bemires Heights, making it easy for people to build fortifications in the woods and high outcroppings. It was located a few miles away from Burnooses destination of Albany. It was a perfect location for an army to fight and keep themselves in somewhat Of an alright sanctuary. During the Battle, both sides used different tactics and strategies.Burgeoned decided to go with a risky strategy of dividing his army into three columns, two towards Bemires Heights and one to follow the road that paralleled the Hudson. The American forces (led by Horopito Gates and Benedict Arnold) laced expert riflemen (led by Daniel Morgan) in charge of taking out the left flank of the British (led by Simon Frasier). This strategy worked well for the Americans, of course until they ran out of ammunition. The battle (of Freemans Farm) was officially ended when Burgeoned heard word from Sir Henry Clinton.Clinton was getting ready to leave New York City and come assist Burgeoned with the continuous battles. So, he told Burgeoned to hold back and wait for him to get there before he attacked the Americans again. Burgeoned gave up his plan for attack on September 20th, and told his troops to wait until reinforcements arrived. Following the Battle at Freemans Farm, was the Battle of Bemires Heights. Bemires Heights was another big marking point during the American Revolution, also having big turning points for each force.The Battle of Bemires Heights was the most significant battle of the Saratoga campaign because it was the battle that caused Burnooses surrender to the American forces. Bemires Heights was also located on the West bank of the Hudson River about 10 miles from Saratoga. The riverbanks went upward; forming bluffs about 100-300 feet high. Bemires Heights was also surrounded by woods, making it harder for the British forces to take out the Americans. Burgeoned led about 1,500 men to fight off the militia at Bemires Heights. The British suffered about 400 casualties while the Americans only reported about 1 50 casualties. This proved that American forces at times were stronger (or at least more intelligent) than the British. Multiple battle tactics and strategies were used and discussed at the Battle of Bemires Heights. General Horopito Gates and Benedict Arnold were debating whether or not they should keep their fortifications high in the outcroppings where they seemed more affective, or if they should set up fortifications down in the woods below the heights. Gates decided to keep his army where they were, infuriating Arnold, thus making Arnold be relieved from his position in the American army.Daniel Moorings groups of riflemen were dispatched under Gates orders. The British were badly outnumbered, but came back when high competent Simon Frasier came into play. Arnold, deceiving his orders, ordered a rifleman to take out Frasier. Frasier was badly wounded, taking the fighting spirit away from the British. The Battle was officially ended when Henry Clinton told Burgeoned that he was not likely to rescue the dying and losing British forces, leading Burgeoned o surrender to the American army on October 17, 1777.By the end of the Battle, Gates army was left standing with about soldiers. The Campaign of Saratoga was highly significant to the American Revolution because it really affected how the upcoming battles would turn Out (number of soldiers would be different and amount of ammunition). One thing the Battle of Saratoga did for the Revolution was change the American morale dramatically. It caused Horopito Gates to become a hero of the American Revolution. It also led to France stop helping with the American forces and clearing war on Britain, making things a little easier for the American forces. If the British had won the battle, then things could have been dramatically different. The British would have had more power and troops, making it harder for the American armies to keep up in later battles. Things could be very different now if the American army did not win the Battle of Saratoga. All in all, the Battle of Saratoga proved that disadvantaged and weaker American forces could overpower the stronger British forces. Horopito Gates led his army to annihilate Burnooses army at Bemires Heights, causing them to surrender.The Battle at Freemans Farm was also a huge turning point for the Americans, having total control over the best fortification spots at Bemires Heights. The significance to the Revolution is easily seen. Fifth British had the won the Campaign of Saratoga, then things would have been very different for the American forces. It could have even affected the absolute victor of the American Revolution. Just imagine what it would be like if we didnt win the Revolution and were still under British control. That is why we have to be grateful that Gates led his army to defeat the British in the Battle of Saratoga.

The applicability of the term mass media in light of John Thompsons views on the subject. Essay Example

The applicability of the term mass media in light of John Thompsons views on the subject. Essay John Thompson had stated that â€Å"messages transmitted by the mass media are received by specific individuals situated in definite social-historical contexts†. He was quite right in asserting that though the media messages are broadcast to a large audience, the messages are ultimately consumed at the level of the individual. The way the message would be treated would depend on their social-historical contexts. For instance, the general level of education of the media audience is a factor that determines their historical context. People in an agrarian society in a third world country will be poorly educated and their ability to grasp media messages would be limited to that extent. On the other hand, an urban audience will have a wider perspective about different aspects of life, which means they are better equipped in understanding and relating to the media content (Leigh 1991, p. 71). The individual members of the audience receive the media messages in socially atomized setups. This is true of any type of media – television, radio, newspapers, etc. Consuming the media message is essentially a solitary activity. Even when all members of the family are watching television together, each perceives, interprets and integrates the message in his/her own unique way, dictated by their intellectual and cultural standpoint (Leigh 1991, p. 73). The essence of modern advertising is the shift from qualitative value to symbolic, implied and illusionary value of commodities. The purpose of most of these beamed messages is to manipulate and deceive the recipient. This is achieved by making the individual attach symbolic values to commodities. Loss of a strong individual identity is the negative consequence of the mass propaganda campaigns for commodities. It would not be inaccurate to say that mass media is a tool used by corporate advertisers to control and manipulate the minds of the consumer (McQuail 1993, p. 37). We will write a custom essay sample on The applicability of the term mass media in light of John Thompsons views on the subject. specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The applicability of the term mass media in light of John Thompsons views on the subject. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The applicability of the term mass media in light of John Thompsons views on the subject. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In contemporary society, the relationship between the external world and the individual is dictated by the flow of mass communications. Individuals essentially are â€Å"other-directed†, meaning, their education, leisure and professional ambitions are directed by the society at large, mainly through the media (McQuail 1993, p. 38). Identities, as a means of understanding ourselves, also involve concepts of masculinity and femininity and notions of how individuals should present and conduct themselves. In such a scenario, the individual’s peer group becomes more important than the family, the career and material possessions more important than true inner experiences. The identities that people assume are necessarily shallow and temporary, constantly changing and molding itself to the needs of the market. The result is a loss of deep-rooted ethic (McQuail 1993, p. 36). Human beings have become atomized and isolated from each other as a result of urbanization and other modern social structures. Social interactions have significantly diminished as a consequence. People are deprived basic needs for intimacy. To fill this void, individuals seek out attributes of media personalities that they can relate and identify with. This explains why political debates have become an entertainment contest of personalities as opposed to an analysis of the issues (Mcleod, Scheufele Moy 1999, p. 325). While the mass media plays an important role in the democratic process, it does not always lead to the best outcomes. Let us take the case of election campaigns. The individual members of the media audience belong to various political affiliations, religious backgrounds, ethnic groups, social classes, etc (Brown 1997, p. 482). These pre-existing leanings and memberships have a major influence on how the message is perceived, interpreted and evaluated. So, the members of the audience are not strictly passive, but actively accommodating, assimilating and blocking the messages as per their world view (Schmitt-Beck 2003, p. 243). But it is demonstrated convincingly that messages that strengthen the existing identity is more easily received and processed than the ones that try to change it, not least because people seek out information that reinforces their existing beliefs. In this respect, changing party and ideological affiliations are difficult endeavors (Gardels 1997, p. 27). Another social component that determines voter choices are the conversations that individuals have with their family members, peers, etc. And these conversations are usually related to the top media stories of the day. Hence, the mass media directs individual actions in a social context. And the dynamic of these interactions have further say in whether opinions are retained, modified or discarded (Brown 1997, p. 481). When it comes to selection of programming, media executives simply go by audience preferences, as this is essential for making profits. The basic motto isâ€Å"whatever sells†. This phenomenon is valid across television, radio and print. Even in news media, newsworthiness is really about catching audience’s attention through presentation of sensational, extra-ordinary and emotionally pitched news stories. The actual relevance of these stories to the daily lives of the audience is highly questionable. The individual is lead to believe that he has freedom of choice. While he may think that a conscious decision is being made, as a matter of fact it is the media corporations who set the agenda and control the content to fit the agenda. The mass media obstructs the development of autonomous, independent individuals who could carry out critical thinking and decide for themselves. In this sense, the mass media impedes progress and emancipation of the individual (Gardels 1997, p. 26). The information flow in traditional media is generally top-down. For example, the advertisers, government agencies, etc, â€Å"push† their message across due to their influence over the corporate media. Whereas in the Internet-based media, the users are free to â€Å"pull† relevant information, modify or comment on it, endorse or disapprove of it, etc, which gives the individual more power than was erstwhile possible. This is a shift towards bottom-up and lateral flow of information and from â€Å"mass† to â€Å"individual† audience (Boutie 1996, p. 51). The reach of the media into people’s lives had become deeper and more pervasive with the growth of newer technologies. Access to information had turned from being available to limited and socially privileged members of the public to practically everyone today. The new digital media will radically change the way messages are communicated to the audience (Boutie 1996, p. 52). Some social institutions that would be profoundly affected include the corporations, public relations agencies, the press, etc. The indications are that their wielding of power and control over the public mind would be significantly weakened. The new digital media, mainly in the form of Internet, is the big hope for the individual to retain uniqueness and decide his own values. List of References: Boutie, Philippe. Fall 1996, â€Å"Will this kill that? (effects of new digital media).† Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol.13, no.4, pp. 49-58. Brown, Robin. Oct 1997, â€Å"American influences: the cult of spin. (American political campaigns).†, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, vol.17, no.4, pp. 481-484. Gardels, Nathan. Wntr 1997, â€Å"Ancestral territory vs. the global nomenklatura. (Samuel Huntington)(Silent Masses, Global Nomenklatura)(Interview).† New Perspectives Quarterly vol.14, no.1, pp. 26-29 Leigh, James H. June 1991, â€Å"Information processing differences among broadcast media: review and suggestions for research.† Journal of Advertising, vol.20, no.2, pp. 71-75. McLeod, Jack M. Scheufele, Dietram A. Moy, Patricia., 1999, Community, Communication, and Participation: The Role of Mass Media and Interpersonal Discussion in Local Political Participation, Political Communication, Vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 315-336. McQuail, D. 1993, Media Performance, Mass Communication and the Public Interest, Canadian Journal of Communication, vol.12, no.3, pp. 36-39 Schmitt-Beck, Rudiger. April 2003, â€Å"Mass communication, personal communication and vote choice: The filter hypothesis of media influence in comparative perspective.† British Journal of Political Science, vol.33, no.2, pp. 233-260.

Sample Essay of the Flowers by Alice Walker

Sample Essay of the Flowers by Alice WalkerYou have finally finished with your sample essay of the flowers by Alice Walker. You have read it all, understood it and can now start writing your own essay. You are not alone in this.Although Alice Walker is credited with creating the 'classic' essay, there are many writers who have also mastered the essay format, some more than others. The style and format of the essay are in the hands of each writer. So let's look at what each of these essays has to offer, as well as a few strategies you might consider employing yourself.First off, let's take a look at what the Flowers by Alice Walker essay has to offer. It is a standard essay format which allows for a paragraph or two of introduction, a paragraph or two of the main body of the essay, and then ending with a conclusion. This pattern is followed in virtually every other essay. You should try to use this format in your own essay to get a feel for the writing style.In addition to this, anoth er good sample essay is considered the Grandiose Memoirs of an Ex-Convict. Like the Flowers by Alice Walker, this essay is standard and is used throughout the essay. The sentence patterns of this essay are similar, but unlike the Flowers by Alice Walker, the Grandiose Memoirs of an Ex-Convict does not end with a long paragraph. Rather, it ends with a short paragraph, the 'follow-up'. This follows the same pattern as the Flowers by Alice Walker.The next essay in the sample list, The House at Pooh Corner, is a variation on this style. Where the Flowers by Alice Walker ends with a long paragraph, the House at Pooh Corner ends with a short paragraph. This is one of the most popular essays in existence, but not without its problems.The big problem with this essay is that it just barely covers what the essay is about. It also takes an unusually long time to read, which means that it is more suited to students who are trying to write essays fast and get through them in a short amount of ti me.However, if you are looking for an essay that is quite unique and personal, then this is definitely for you. It is filled with comments from the reader regarding the poem, so it gives the reader something extra to enjoy reading. And the fact that it is an essay that covers poems by one of the greatest poets of our time, does not hurt either.

global warming1 essays

global warming1 essays Greenhouse gases (chlorofluorocarbons, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc.)let heat in but stop it from going back out - like a windshield in a parked car. At our current rate of creating these gases by industry, cars and burning fossil fuels, scientists predict a temperature increase of 4 to 9 degrees F by 2050. (9 degrees F separates today's average temperatures from the last ice age.) The United Nations Panel on Climate Change recommends that we immediately cut our use of fossil fuels by at least half. To prevent the current rate from increasing, we would have to cut by 60%. This same panel projects that by 2050 over a million more people dying each year from malaria because of higher mosquito populations due to global warming. Already yellow and dengue fever bearing mosquitoes are found over 3000' higher than their normal range in South America. Other predicted results of global warming include expanding deserts, forest fires, heat waves, crop failure, erosion, mud slides, mass extinction of plants and animals, sea level increases causing flooding and damage to coastal aquifers. The US with c. 5% of the world's population creates 25% of the 7 billion tons of carbon dioxide that causes 50% of the global warming trend. Five tons per capita per year! US oil consumption is now the highest since 1979. Since 1988, insurance companies paid 17 multi billion dollar weather-related claims. There had never been one even as high as $1 billion before 1988. Before 1900, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was stable at 280 parts per million. The concentration now is over 360 and the increase rate has doubled since 1958. 1995 was globally the hottest year in over 100 years and the driest in the UK for over 300 years. The green house effect gas and the global warming It is said, "if the carbon dioxide increases, the Earth becomes hot." By what mechanism does this happen? The gas which absorbs the infra-red lay...