Sunday, October 13, 2019
Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour Essay -- The Story of an Hour 2014
In the era in which this short story was written, marriage was viewed differently as people view it today. Chopin is probably expressing her view on marriage through the character of Mrs. Mallard and her actions upon discovering that her husband had just past away. This was a time where woman were considered second hand citizens compared to men and where men may have voiced their authority and influence on their wife, not really giving them a chance to have their own opinion. Where in Mrs. Mallard's case may have caused her to bottle up her negative feelings of her husband. Chopin does not write much on how Mrs. Mallard felt during the marriage but she hinted that she was not very happy with it, she mentioned, "And yet she had loved him sometimes" (Chopin 537). It seemed that they had a rocky relationship, if she had only loved him sometimes, and in a time where divorce was practically unheard of and considered an abomination, the only way out of an unstable marriage was through the death of a spouse. So when she had received the message of her husbands accident, she acted w...
Saturday, October 12, 2019
The Causes Of The World Trade Center Bombing :: essays research papers
In September 1929, "the Roaring Twenties," "the Era of Wonderful Nonsense," of sex, booze and jazz, ended with the stock market crash that began the Great Depression. There followed the "low dishonest decade" of poet W. H. Auden's depiction, as Western statesmen sought to appease their way to security and peace. On Sept. 11, 2001, as the 767s smashed into the twin towers of the World Trade Center and Pentagon, killing 5,000 Americans, another unserious era of sex scandals and stock market silliness came to an end. Recall, if you will, the summer of 2001. The story that had CNN, MSNBC and FOX News transfixed was the saga of Gary Condit. Nightly, talk-show hosts demanded answers to the great questions: Why did Gary throw away the watch box? Where did stewardess Anne Marie Smith spend her D.C. nights? By Sept. 11, the story seemed about to end in a great courtroom drama, with Anne Marie charging Gary with libel ââ¬â for denying she committed adultery. What will the decade be remembered for? The Trial of O. J.? Who killed Jon-Benet Ramsey? The Oval Office trysts of Bill and Monica? Condit summer? Meanwhile, not to worry about the world. For America is "the last superpower," the "indispensable nation." The New Economy will take us to "Dow 36,000!" "Pax Americana" and "Global Democracy" are our destiny. On Sept. 11, the frivolous era came to an end. Suddenly, for the first time since Gen. Jackson drove the British army out of Louisiana, the enemy was inside the gates, slaughtering thousands. Why? Because we adopted an open-borders policy that left tens of millions of illegal aliens wandering about America, few of whom had any loyalty to us, some of whom were willing to murder us on the orders of their foreign masters. To keep the cost of labor down, we let millions of strangers, and not a few enemies, into our home. Never before has America been so vulnerable, and corporate greed and craven politics did it to us. Tuesday, the U.S. reported that industrial production fell for the 12th straight month. Bethlehem Steel became the latest U.S. company to go Chapter 11. U.S. factories now produce at 75 percent of capacity. Last year, the U.S. trade deficit in manufactureds hit $324 billion and the merchandise trade deficit $450 billion. The de-industrialization of America is well advanced. In a triumph of the globalists, America has become again what she has not been in generations: a dependent nation.
Friday, October 11, 2019
Analysis of Subways internal and external environments Essay
This essay will analyse the organisation Subwayââ¬â¢s internal and external environments and their impacts on this organisation. This will include a swot analysis on resources and capabilities which are a part of the internal environment and on customers, suppliers, competitors, pressure groups, economic, political, technological, natural environment and emerging trends in the external environment. ââ¬Å"A SWOT Analysis is a useful technique for understanding your Strengths and Weaknesses, and for identifying both the Opportunities open to you and the Threats you faceâ⬠MindTools. com (2013). Internal environment Resources: 1. The Workforce Strengths ââ¬â Subway restaurants operate out of over 36,000 locations in 99 different countries. Subway is an equal opportunity employer, where every employee can be assured that they will be treated with respect and not be discriminated or harassed for any reason. They continuously provide employees with training and encouragement through teamwork, against shared goals and benchmarks and to be accountable for their actions. Weaknesses ââ¬â Many subway employees are younger generations and are particularly inexperienced in the workplace. This can be a weakness for subway as this younger group of employees have other priorities such as school/university which can make it difficult when creating the roster for shifts and being unskilled can cause delays in service and not properly organised meals going to the customers. Opportunities ââ¬â Subway has the opportunity to train their unskilled employees in a way that suits them and is in line with the organisationââ¬â¢s goals. Threats ââ¬â Subwayââ¬â¢s direct competition offer similar workplace conditions and environments which can be a threat to Subway by these companies attracting higher skilled workers in the industry away from Subway. 2. Capital Availability Strengths ââ¬â As Subway is operated as franchises, the overall company has a large amount of capital coming in from the franchises. Subway (2013) states ââ¬Å"The SUBWAYà ® chainââ¬â¢s start up costs are exceptionally low for a franchise of its size and stature. Total investment will depend on many factors, including location, rent, outlet size and equipmentâ⬠. Weaknesses ââ¬â There are many economic conditions, such as unemployment that contribute to weaknesses concerning Subwayââ¬â¢s capital. Combine these economic issues with poor marketing strategies and it can affect the capital dramatically. For example the new ââ¬Å"$5 Combo Dealâ⬠that they are offering, has resulted in a decrease in sales, as the average customer is now spending less money per purchase. Opportunities ââ¬â Start-up costs of the franchises is low compared to similar organisations, it makes Subway more appealing to potential owners, there for encouraging more people to purchase a Subway franchise which will increase the capital of the overall company. Threats ââ¬â Economic issues such as the Global Financial Crisis, unemployment and inflation can cause a threat to subway from opening more stores, which in turn affects their available capital. Capabilities: 1. Marketing Strengths ââ¬â ââ¬Å"Eat Fresh, Live Greenâ⬠is Subwayââ¬â¢s commitment to making a positive impact in all that they do. This is very appealing to consumers, as Subwayââ¬â¢s beliefs and values are in line with theirs. Subway restaurants are also navigating the world of online social media to bring their message closer to consumers. Subway is experienced in international marketing. Weaknesses ââ¬â Subway restaurants lack the interior design and quality that would welcome everyone to stay and feel more comfortable than in the competitorââ¬â¢s restaurants Opportunities ââ¬â Subway employs superior marketing techniques and promotional strategies to attract and grow their customer base. The most successful Subwayââ¬â¢s promotional offer was to offer footlongs for only $5. Threats ââ¬â Subway runs the risk of decreasing their client base if they fail to meet consumersââ¬â¢ wants and needs if continuous innovation and new processes are not being developed and used. 2. Production Strengths ââ¬â Restaurants are clean and maintained. Preparation goes into getting the food ready to be served so quickly before, after and during store hours ââ¬â veggies need to be washed, diced, sliced and stored. All of this preparation contributes to the productivity of the store. Without these steps, the restaurant would not run efficiently. Weaknesses ââ¬â Old equipment that is no longer working at its best and staff not being available to work can be weaknesses in the production process. Opportunities ââ¬â Focusing their sustainability initiatives on energy efficiency, water & resource conservation, waste reduction, sustainable sourcing and supply chain management. Threats ââ¬â Equipment failure and power outages are a huge threat to Subway concerning production. If either of these occur the Subway store would not be able to operate or produce any products. 3. Research and Development Strengths ââ¬â Develops and test markets the food that they serve, making sure it is of high standards and quality. Weaknesses ââ¬â The markets are constantly changing and they cannot always source produce from the same suppliers. Research needs to be done constantly and they do not always have the resources to do so, Opportunities ââ¬â Do customer surveys in different demographic areas to provide what those areas are in demand for. Threats ââ¬â Data recorded may be incorrect depending on what type of information they require and can come from unreliable sources. 4. Financial Management Strengths ââ¬â Subwayââ¬â¢s finance team is responsible for tracking, organizing and reporting on all financial activities and storing this data for future reference. This data can help them find better ways of financially running the organisation. Weaknesses ââ¬â Variables in costs for produce depending on time of year and certain promotions. Variables in labour as employees come and go, more staff required for busy times of the year (holidays). Opportunities ââ¬â With the support they provide and the low start-up costs they offer with their franchises, they can attract more buyers and expand the Subway chain even further. Threats ââ¬â Price fluctuations, for example oil, can dramatically threaten Subwayââ¬â¢s financials as consumers will have lower disposable incomes which will stop them from freely spending their money. 5. Information Systems Strengths ââ¬â Subway has a loyalty card system which they use to gather information on their customers. Each card has a unique 16-digit identification number. The card enables Subway to collect data on its customers from its point-of-sale (POS) terminals to its CRM applications. Weaknesses ââ¬â The first loyalty card they developed was easily copied. Opportunities ââ¬â To introduce this card throughout all Subway stores so they can collect a larger amount of data for their information system. Threats ââ¬â Without security measures in place with their loyalty cards people could produce fraudulent cards to receive rewards from the company. External Environment Customers Strengths ââ¬â Subway already has a strong client base because of their fresh and more nutritious products. These factors appeal to the customers. Weaknesses ââ¬â Customers do not always feel like healthy options and on occasions want a greasy alternative that Subway does not provide. Opportunities ââ¬â Subway provides customers with the opportunity to provide feedback on their products and service. By doing this the customers have the opportunity to influence Subwayââ¬â¢s decisions with how to do things better and to discover what products sell the best and what the customers like about the service they receive. Threats ââ¬â Poor customer service is a major threat to any business that deals with customers. Subway, without its customers, would not be able to operate. Another threat is if negative feedback from customers is spread around then this could potentially stop customers from returning Suppliers Strengths ââ¬â Subway sources as much produce as possible locally. They try to support their locally communities as much as possible. They source this produce from suppliers that share their commitment to social responsibility and sustainability. Weaknesses ââ¬â Some suppliers can be unreliable and not provide stock when ordered. Opportunities ââ¬â There are more opportunities to source more locally grown products and help support local businesses grow and stay in the market. Threats ââ¬â The supplier may not have enough produce/stock to provide Subway at certain times and the supplier may think that the price they are receiving for their products is too low, causing them to refuse supply. Competitors Strengths ââ¬â Largest fast food restaurant chain in the world by the number of outlets. Currently the Subway operates over 38,181 restaurants in 99 countries, more than McDonaldââ¬â¢s or any other fast food chain operator. Weaknesses ââ¬â Majority of Subwayââ¬â¢s competitors offer cheaper meals than what Subway can, based on the price they purchase their products at. Opportunities ââ¬â Subway has many competitors, so they need to stay innovative and keep their products on top of the others that are available. They have the opportunity to promote their products as healthy options and deep-fryer free compared to their competitors to encourage more sales. Threats ââ¬â McDonaldââ¬â¢s, Hungry Jacks and KFC are some of subways main competitors. These competitors all offer family meal deals and cheap snack sizes on their menuââ¬â¢s which makes them more appealing to consumers. Pressure Groups Strengths ââ¬â Subway takes input from pressure groups and community members so they can improve the operations, products and service. Weaknesses ââ¬â Subway cannot rely on the information that pressure groups provide them with as it does not always represent the majority. Opportunities ââ¬â Pressure groups can be a huge opportunity for Subway to listen to their opinions and issues with the organisation and how the pressure groups think Subway can resolve these issues and develop their company to be more socially responsible. Threats ââ¬â Pressure groups however can be a threat as they donââ¬â¢t always have the majorities input on these issues and are misrepresenting the whole community when the push their ideas and beliefs on Subway which can make other customers stop returning to purchase goods from them. Economic Strengths ââ¬â Subway opens stores when the economy is doing well. By doing this they establish their presence in the demographic and build up a good amount of returning consumers. Weaknesses ââ¬â Subway needs to have a contingency plan in place for when the economy in their area decreases. If they do not, potentially they will reduce in the amounts of sale because they cannot control consumers disposable incomes. Opportunities ââ¬â When the economy is strong, consumers have higher disposable incomes. This give Subway the opportunity to slightly increase prices and promote their products more as consumers are more willing to spend money. Threats ââ¬â Not all geographic areas have the same amount of disposable income and Subway needs to take this into consideration. In these areas Subway may need to offer special promotions or lower their prices to cater for this otherwise they will lose sales. Political Strengths ââ¬â Subway follows and adheres to government legislation including the Fair Trading Act and policies relating to environmental conservation. Weaknesses ââ¬â Each state has different standards and restrictions in place which means not every Subway store can fully operate the same. Opportunities ââ¬â With these policies, it creates a safer work environment at Subway and helps them become innovative on how they can reduce their environmental footprint. Threats ââ¬â If Subway does not follow these regulations on how they operate, produce and promote their products they can be fined hefty amounts of money or even closed down. Technological Strengths ââ¬â As a global brand, Subway continues to make strides in sustainable packaging, and waste management as well as look for more efficient equipment and operational practices Weaknesses ââ¬â Not all technology is good just because it is new. Subway needs to research thoroughly before investing in new technology to make sure that it operates with their commitments to a cleaner, healthier environment. Opportunities ââ¬â To obtain newer technology and apply it in aspects of their business would be a big opportunity for Subway. Threats ââ¬â Some local markets may not be ready for new technologies and donââ¬â¢t have a full understanding of how they work, therefore consumers not trusting or believing in the new technologies. Natural Environment Strengths ââ¬â An organization cannot survive without the support of its environment. Subway takes in resources such as labor, money, and raw materials from outside its boundaries in the natural environment. Weaknesses ââ¬â Subway cannot control the climate or the weather in the areas that have stores operating in. Opportunities ââ¬â There are opportunities that arise depending on the weather. In the hotter season Subway can promote their salads more for a meal that is more refreshing in the heat. In the cooler seasons they should promote there ââ¬Å"subsâ⬠toasted for something to warm the belly. Threats ââ¬â Depending on locations some areas may experience unpredictable natural events like cyclones or tornados. These can cause a dramatic threat to Subway stores in areas where events like this occur as there can be damage to roads and buildings, no electricity and no stock or fresh produce from suppliers. Emerging Trends Strengths ââ¬â Subway franchises are involved with the communities surrounding them so they are always aware of the current and emerging trends happening in their locations. Weaknesses ââ¬â Subway cannot follow all emerging trends as there are too many and it would be too costly for them to do so. Opportunities ââ¬â To expand their online ordering (catering for meetings/offices) to be made available for individuals to order and then pick it up, or start a delivery service. Threats ââ¬â Often trends donââ¬â¢t last for long periods of time, making it costly for Subway. Conclusion As you can see from the above analysis, there are many different factors, both internal and external, that effect the organisation, Subway. There are many internal and external forces that Subway needs to consider and stay on top of so they do not fail. References MindTools. com, (2013). SWOT Analysis. Retrieved on 11 September 2013 from http://www. mindtools. com/pages/article/newTMC_05. htm#sthash. 86tx07Tn. dpuf SUBWAY (2013). Corporate Opportunities. Retrieved on 13 September 2013 from http://www. subway. com. au/info/franchise_information/corporate_opportunities/ Unknown Publisher, (2012). Evaluating the External Environment. Retrieved on 13 September 2013 from http://2012books. lardbucket. org/books/strategic-management-evaluation-and-execution/s07-evaluating-the-external-enviro. html
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Welcome Introduction
Welcome/loincloth Thanks My name is Saw. I'm one of the students here. I think I don't really look like a student. But I am one. I would like to welcome you here this morning. And I would like to say ââ¬Å"Thank very muchâ⬠for coming. We know all of you are very busy, so we really appreciate you making the time for us. I thank all of my classmates as well because they gave me the chance to give the easy speech, I think, â⬠Welcome & Introductionâ⬠. I expected it to be easy but in reality it is not. I practiced a lot to give this speech in front of you but the practice didn't work.I feel nervous. But I have to speak for the full time, three minutes. How long has gone already? Time up? K, no problem! I have more to say. I really like my school, Zee Cabin Maya. I think it is very suitable for youths who are in the gutter, Eke me. ââ¬Å"why? Why? â⬠I think you would like to ask me ââ¬ËWhy? â⬠You know that word Is not strange for us. Our teachers use It a lot in our class. Many, many times she asks me. I'm sorry I have no chance to answer it now but my friends are waiting to answer your question. The important thing is you need to listen carefully.If you don't see the point of what they are talking about, you can raise your hand up and ask ââ¬Å"Can you repeat that pleaseâ⬠. K? K? No, No I'm joking. You can hear a lot of speeches from all students. We got 21 students here, 21 speeches about everything this morning. I don't know all what they going to talk to you. In the middle we mix with some nice songs. And then we are going to feed with special foods for your breakfast, we ordered from Hotel Zee Cabin. I'm Joking again. K, Thank you everyone. I really appreciate you coming and celebrating our School opening ceremony together with us. Thank you
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
Undarstending Life of Older Persons with Special Needs
CHERRYFIELDS HOUSING WITH CARE Address 2D Cherryfields Lawn Hartstown Clonsilla Dublin 15 01 8097 134 begin_of_the_skype_highlightingà [pic]FREEà 01 8097 134à end_of_the_skype_highlighting Information Staff is trained to Fetac Level 5 Residents are involved in agreeing their individual plan of care and support which includes medication management, personal care needs, diet/nutrition, social, spiritual and emotional care, all of which are enshrined in the core values of the Organisation.Cherryfields opened in 2006 as the first scheme of its type in Dublin, offering another choice in care to those in need of a more supported living environment. Cherryfields provides 27 units of accommodation specifically for dementia care and 29 units for older people in need of 24 hour care and support. Cherryfields is not a Nursing Home and residents in upstairs accommodation have complete freedom to come and go as they please. Each dwelling is carpeted; ensuite bathrooms are provided with non slip flooring.A range of storage is provided within each dwelling, including lockable units for use by residents. Each dwelling has a TV and telephone point. Residents have a key to the front door of their own dwelling. Staff call points are provided throughout each dwelling in case the resident requires assistance. Cherryfields provides a homely environment within easy access of local shops in Hartstown. At Cherryfields, Fold Ireland has provided three bungalows, each with 2 bedrooms, which are allocated in association with Fingal County Council. ACCOMODATIONFold Ireland currently has two Housing-with-Care Schemes in Dublin; Cherryfields is situated in Hartstown, Clonsilla, Dublin 15 and Anam Cara is in Glasnevin, Dublin 11. Each Scheme provides 56 units of accommodation; ground floor dwellings in each location provide a secure environment for those with dementia. Residents have their own flat let. This is their own home, where each is encouraged to bring personal belongings to ma ke it a home-from-home. Each flat let has built-in wardrobes, en-suite and kitchenette, but is otherwise unfurnished.Both schemes have communal areas where residents can socialise and take part in group activities. Our Schemes have garden and/or patio areas for the residents to enjoy, which are secure, well maintained and sensory in nature. FACILITIES In Housing-with-Care, arrangements can be made for access to hairdressers, dentists, chiropodists and other professional services to come into the Scheme. Residents may of course choose to retain existing arrangements for such services. DINING Fold Ireland believes in providing a well balanced diet for residents using fresh and seasonal ingredients.When a resident moves in, we will discuss their dietary requirements, including any specially prescribed diet. The catering services are inspected by local Environmental Health Services ensuring full compliance with Safe Catering Guidelines and Food Hygiene requirements. Meals are generally served in communal dining rooms, allowing residents to meet and socialise in small groups. There are daily menu choices for each meal. ACTIVITIES Remaining active is the key to a long and health life. At Fold Ireland we embrace this, and Housing-with-Care provides a range of activities throughout the week.Residents are encouraged to bring their own ideas for activities and participate in developing the programme of events. From time to time day trips, shopping outings and evening social events may be arranged. HEALTH The health of our residents is as important to us as it is to you. Where possible residents will retain their own GP and other healthcare providers, or we will assist in arranging new providers where this is not possible. Fold Ireland will manage all aspects relating to medication if required, and can support residents to keep managing these themselves if that is an agreed choice.THE COAST OF HOUSING WITH CARE There is a weekly rent for the accommodation and charge for care services provided. These prices have been agreed with the HSE. The care costs are means tested by the HSE and the rent is payable by the tenant at a rate of â⠬108 per week. Tenants must contribute a small amount to the care costs each week pending their financial situation. A financial assessment is completed by the HSE in order to decide this. The HSE meets each tenant before moving into the schemes. Included in the charge are the residentââ¬â¢s meals, heating, electricity, laundry services and repairs to the property.Services that are not included within the weekly charge are those of a personal choice including: a telephone in your room, hairdressing, chiropody and prescription charges. ELDERLY PEOPLE&THOSE WITH DEMENTIA Our Housing-with-Care schemes for Older People and those with dementia provide a relaxing and friendly atmosphere where the residents can feel secure and cared for. These schemes provide tailored care and support to residents, whilst promoting a heal thy lifestyle through social activities, exercise and other activities agreed with the residents.Residents are encouraged, where possible, to remain in control of their affairs, maintaining their independence for as long as possible. For those with dementia we aim to prolong our residents' cognitive and mental skills through a range of daily activities, which enable them to exercise their minds and bodies. This not only engages them but also provides an ideal opportunity for each resident to socialise. Fold Ireland understands that it is not only the person with dementia that is affected by this condition; it's their family, friends and careers as well.We offer support as needed while the resident progresses through the dementia condition. Fold Ireland works in association with The Health Service Executive. HSE undertakes unannounced, periodic, inspections at both Housing-with-Care Schemes. BIBLIOGRAPHY: â⬠¢ http://www. foldireland. ie/ â⬠¢ http://www. foldireland. ie/pages/ 24/elderly-people-and-those-with-dementia â⬠¢ http://www. foldireland. ie/pages/30/the-cost-of-housing-with-care â⬠¢ http://www. foldireland. ie/pages/29/health â⬠¢
Tuesday, October 8, 2019
Critically examine the claim that people are an organisation's most Essay
Critically examine the claim that people are an organisation's most valued asset. How this claim would be translated into prac - Essay Example Different approaches have been developed in the literature regarding the role of people within modern organizations. In accordance with a common view, people are the most valued asset of each organization. The specific issue is examined in this paper. Reference is made to the potential translation of the above statement in practice, especially regarding the development of organizational strategies. The research on the particular subject has revealed that people are, indeed, the most valued assets in modern organizations; however, their contribution in the development of the organizational practices is not always appreciated, an issue highlighted in the study of Lawler et al. (2008). The common statement that employees are key assets of an organization does not always reflect the actual thoughts of organizational leaders ââ¬â a problem mostly related to the different perceptions of organizational leaders on the role of employees within organizations. The literature published in th e specific field is presented ââ¬â followed by a critical analysis of the finding, at the level that such activity would help to understand the role of employees as part of the organization. 2. ... In the literature, additional perceptions on the role of people within organizations have been developed. In accordance with Sveiby (1997) the role of people within organizations could be explained as follows: the balance sheet of each organization has a series of invisible assets: ââ¬Ëemployee competence, internal structure and external structureââ¬â¢ (Sveiby 1997, p.10). It is made clear that employee competence refers to the ability of employees to develop the various organizational tasks, i.e. to respond to the organizational needs, no matter even if these needs are related to tangible or intangible assets (Sveiby 1997, p.10). The above explanation of the role of people within modern organizations is based on the perception that people are indispensable part of organizations, since no organization would exist and operate without the employees who manage its various activities. A similar approach of employees as assets is presented in the study of Storey (2009, p.140); in th e specific study emphasis is given on the role of employees as intangible assets of organizations. On the other hand, Holbeche (1998) notes that employees are a valuable asset of each organization; however, the specific asset is different from the other organizational assets at the level that it is extremely ââ¬Ëvolatile and easily damagedââ¬â¢ (Holbeche 1998, p.10); it is explained that the organization that has not secured the position of its employees is likely to face severe organizational failures. It is also mentioned that the organizational leaders are likely to develop different views on the value of employees in their organization. Moreover, if employees within the particular organization are highly motivated, then their value in the
Monday, October 7, 2019
General Concept and Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business Essay - 3
General Concept and Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business - Essay Example A asks B, ââ¬Å"Are you interested in buying this house?â⬠A has not made an offer but is merely asking B if he is interested in making an offer. B replies, ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll pay you à £50000â⬠for this house.â⬠B has made an offer to A and A is at liberty to accept or reject it. In a market where various articles are marked for prices, the marking of price does not mean that the sellers have made offers to sell these items. These are merely invitations to offer. The sellers can refuse to sell these items despite the goods being marked for the price. Communication of offer means that it should be made known to the offeree. The mere desire of entering into an agreement, which is never mentioned to the offeree and remains hidden in the recesses of oneââ¬â¢s mind, can never be regarded as an offer. Similarly, when an offer is made through a letter, it is not regarded as an offer until the letter is posted and it reaches the offeree. Also, the offer must reach the offeree through the offeror or his duly authorized agent. If the offeree comes to know of the offer through some outside source, the offer is not valid. An offer can be made generally to the public through the newspaper. But if it is intended for a particular individual, it should be made directly to that individual. Once the offer is made, it needs to be accepted by the offeree for the formation of an agreement. It must be absolute and unqualified. There must be consensus ad idem i.e. both parties must agree to the same thing in the same sense. This means that the offeree should agree to all the terms of the offer. A qualified acceptance is not a valid acceptance. It is regarded as a counter-offer and it terminates the original offer as soon as it is made. If the original offeror agrees to the terms of the counter-offer, an agreement is created. Acceptance should be communicated to the offeror.
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